MINIREVIEW.PDF

MINIREVIEW Virion Factors That Target Daxx To Overcome Intrinsic Immunity Sabrina Schreiner,a Harald Wodrichb a Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany ; Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité, MFP CNRS UMR 5234, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Bordeaux, Franceb PML nuclear bodies and their associated functions are part of an intrinsic cellular mechanism aimed at maintaining transcrip- tional control over viral gene expression and preventing replication of invading viruses. To overcome these barriers, many vi- ruses express early nonstructural, multifunctional proteins to support the viral replication cycle or modulate host immune re- sponses. Virion proteins constituting the invading particle are traditionally investigated for their role in transport during entry or egress and in the assembly of new virions. The additional functions of virion proteins have largely been ignored, in contrast to those of their nonstructural counterparts. A number of recent reports suggest that several virion proteins may also play vital roles in gene activation processes, in particular by counteracting intrinsic immune mechanisms mediated by the PML nuclear body-associated cellular factors Daxx, ATRX, and Sp100. These virion proteins share several features with their more potent DDD ooo nonstructural counterparts, and they may serve to bridge the gap in the early phase of an infection until immediate early viral www