12_d4d Offshore lecture 4 - Wind turbine design for reliability_风机的可靠性设计_V2.ppt

* * * Offshore Wind Lecture 4- Wind Turbine Design for Reliability 海上风电课程4-风机的可靠性设计Professor David InfieldUK Wind Energy Research CentreInstitute of Energy and EnvironmentUniversity of Strathclyde David Infield教授英国风能研究中心英国斯特拉斯克莱德大学能源与环境研究所 Introduction 介绍 It is clear that offshore wind turbines need to become much more reliable (and thus available) if they are to compete as a cost effective form of electricity generation. 如果海上风电要以一种经济有效的发电形式参与竞争的话，海上风机就需要更可靠，即提高可利用率。 Various approaches can help, and some, like condition monitoring, have already been covered in some detail. A contrasting approach is to use larger design safety factors and higher quality components. There will be a clear added cost for this approach but perhaps more importantly the imperfect nature of the design tools, especially for very large ( 5MW) turbines, make this approach risky. 要实现这个目的有各种方法，一些如故障诊断的手段已经得到了有效的应用。一种对照的途径是使用更大的设计安全系数和质量更好的风机部件。这个方法的成本明显更高，但也许更致命的缺陷是设计工具本身的不完善造成的风险，这一点对于超大型风机（5MW以上）尤其突出。 Introduction 介绍 One prudent approach is to design for easy maintenance (ie for maintainability). So even if the turbine fails unexpectedly, it can be fixed more easily. Some designers argue that very large VAWTs can be more easily maintained, for example. 一种谨慎的方法是为了维护方便而进行的可维护性设计。所以即使风机意外地发生了故障，对它的维修也更容易。比如一些风机的设计者就认为超大型垂直轴风机更易于维护。 And there are other approaches. 当然还有其它的方法来帮助提高海上风机的可靠性和可利用率。 Lecture Contents 课程内容 Introduction 介绍 Design for maintainability 可维护性设计 HAWT or VAWT 水平轴风机还是垂直轴风机 Foundations/support structure – a new source of problems 风机基础/支撑结构-新的问题来源 Drive train alternatives and improvements 传动链替换和改进 Conclusions 结论 Design for maintainability可维护性设计 Design for maintainability is in its infancy. In reality these days it is in practice confined to conventional engineering solutions like split bearings that are easier to change, modular electronic systems where failed boards can easily be changed out, and modular electrical act