液晶材料特性及顯示原理.ppt

液晶物理學及其應用 1.Introduction to Liquid Crystals (LCs) 2.Optical Properties of Liquid Crystals 3.Survey of LCDs: 4.Jones Calculus: Matrix Representation of Polarization 5.Optical Transmission of LC cells 6.Brightness Enhancement of LCDs 7.Aligments of Liquid Crystals 8.TFT-LCDs,color filters, and Cell Assembly 9.Fast response LCs 10.Wide-Viewing Angle 11.Backlighting 12 Color Vision Chapter 1 Introduction to Liquid Crystals (LCs) DISPLAY ISSUES Viewability Wide-angle Contrast Brightness Reflectivity(sunlight readable) Power Consumption Cost of Drive Electronics Size and Weight Addressing Time (Video rate not always required) Color/Black-on-White Manufacturability and Reliability MARKETS Consumer TV, movie, etc Transportation Aviation Automotive , Passenger entertainment Business Application Videoconferencing Automated Teller Pagers Industrial Applications Process control Analytical Equipment Medical Technology Computer Application Viewer Application Electronic books Electronic newspaper Document viewers History of the Taiwan FPD Industry 2004年我國中小型TFT產值比較 2004年全球中小型TFT產值約102億美元，而我國產值較前一年成長140%，估計佔全球比重約12%，次於日本78%，而韓國約佔10%，排名第三。 我國2004~2005年平面顯示產業產值分佈 我國大型TFT廠商營利表現比較 韓國大型TFT廠商營利表現比較 LCD結構圖 Basic Concept 液晶簡介 物質的相變 何謂液晶? Types of Low Molecular Weight Liquid Crystal Materials Lyotropic Liquid Crystals (溶致液晶) form liquid crystal phases over certain concentration ranges when mixed with a solvent Thermotropic Liquid Crystal(熱致液晶)- (Used for LCDs) molecules consisting for a rigid core and flexible tail(s) )-form liquid crystal phase over certain temperature ranges Melting of a Solid Nematic 液晶 Cholesteric 液晶 The Chiral Nematic Chirality Smectic 液晶 Some Characteristics of Liquid Crystal Phase -Long-Range Molecular Order -Fluid Viscosities -Optical Anisotropy (Birefringence) Δn=n//-n⊥(or ne-n0) -Dielectric Anisotropy Δε=ε‖━ ε ⊥ -Optical Activity -Electrical Resistivity 1013 ohm-cm(TFT) 外加電場對 nematic 相