全球化与不平等概念化与解释的论题.PDF

2003 3 : 格兰·瑟本＊ 　　Abstract:The conceptual part of the paper specifies globalization into global processes, of the en- during weight of global history, of global flows of goods and services, of capital, of people, and of infor- mation and ideas, and, finally, of global entanglements of national and global institutions and organiza- tions.Together with national processes this set of processes make up an explanatory model of global out- comes of inequality .Inequality is specified into three kinds, vital, existential, and resource inequality, and four basic mechanisms of inequality are identified, distanciation, exclusion, super subordination, and exploitation.The explanatory model is then applied to long-term developments of vital and economic inequality in the world.The former, as measured by infant mortality and life expectancy, has decreased th substantially in the second half of 20 century, whereas income inequality has widened.Global flows of medical knowledge seem to have played a crucial role in reducing vital inequality .The weight of global history, measured by GD per capita in 1820 and in 1900, and national processes of political economy appear to account for most of todays global resource inequality. 　　, , 。 , , 。 , ?? , ?? ? , ? ? , 。: , —, 。 。。 、? , 。, 。 。, 。, , , 。, 。 , 。。 , 。1980 , 5 。 , 、、。, ＊　·(Goran Therborn)(Swedish Collegium for Advanced Studies in Social Sciences), 2003IIS 。 ——— 22 , —, 。, , 、, 。 。, , 、。, , 。 , 。 , : , , , , 。 , 。, 。, 。, 。, , 。, , 、、, 。 。 , , , 。, 。 。, , 。, , 。(dimensionali- ty ), 、、———、 、———、。 (historicity )。, , , , 。 　　, 　　1