动词教案.doc

动词 动词的分类 1.按结构分为及物和不及物 及物动词：跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词 e.g. I don’t think that it will be very hot today. Don’t forget to lock the door. I returned him the storybook. I will find another chance for you. We all believe him honest and kind. We conside him a strange person. Mother often tells me to make friends carefully. Can you hear someone playing the piano next door? I couldn’t make myself heard by all the listeners. Keep these books on the shelf. Show the visitor in, please. 按意义分为延续性动词和非延续性动词 延续性动词：动作发生后还可以延续一段时间或者相当长一段时间。例如：live,work,study,learn,sleep等，它们可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。 非延续性动词：指动作一旦发生就立即结束。不能和表一段时间的时间状语连用。例如：go,come,arrive,leave,begin,start,join,marry,stop,open等。 按功能分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词、情态动词 实义动词：有完整词义，并能独立作谓语的动词 e.g：He likes to go for a walk on Sundays. 连系动词：表示主语身份、性质、状态；后面一般跟名词、形容词等作表语;不能单独作谓语，与其后的表语一起构成谓语。连系动词一般包括以下几种： a.状态系动词：be动词 e.g. She always like that. These shoes are too tight for me. b.持续系动词：主语继续或保持一种状态或态度，主要有：keep,remain,stay,rest,lie,stand e.g. I hope you will keep fit.我希望你身体好。 He always kept silent at meeting. He stayed single. c.表像系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem（根据某种迹象作出的判断）,appear（外表给人的印象）,look（视觉印象）等。 e.g. He looks tired. He appeared quite well. 他显得身体相当好。 He seems quite happy. 他好像很快活。 d.感官系动词：“……起来”feel,smell,sound,taste e.g. This kind of cloth feels very soft. This food taste good. It sounds good idea. He looks honest,but actually he is a rogue(骗子). e.变化系动词：表示主语变成了什么样，主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run e.g. He became mad after that. She had grown thinner and thinner. When she saw this, she turned red. Several people fell ill, victims of blood poisoning. Your hair has gone quite white. f.终止系动词：主要有：prove, turn out(结果是，证明是) e.g. His advice proved right.他的劝告证明是对的。 My intuition turned out to be correct.我的直觉证明是对的。 助动词：一般无词义，不能单独作谓语，在句中帮助实义动词构成各种时态、语态、语气、否定和疑问结构等，助动词包括：shall,will, should, would, be, have, do等。 e.g. Do you understand? I don’t like you. The building was built by those workers. The boy is playing computer games