语法3形容词和副词.ppt

三、形容词和副词 1．before/earlier。考查副词。根据句意和Id been at home的时态可知此处表示“几个小时前，我待在香港的家里”，“待在家里”应该是发生在过去动作arrived之前，故此处填before或earlier均可。 1．seriously→serious　 2.Much→Many 3.去掉very 4．terrible→terribly 　5.easy→easily 　6.better→best 7．well→good (一)形容词、副词的作用与位置 作用 举例 形容词短语作定语，定语后置；单个形容词作定语，定语前置 a five-year-old child，a child five years old，a language difficult to master，a leaning tower about 180 feet high 表语形容词(afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake，alive等)作定语，定语后置 a man alive，the boy awake 作用 举例 由不定代词one，no，any，some和every构成的复合不定代词修饰anything，something，everything，nothing等时，定语一律后置 I have something important to tell you. Will you tell us anything new？ enough，nearby修饰名词前置或后置均可； enough修饰形容词、副词时，必须后置 enough books＝books enough，old enough，rapidly enough 作用 举例 副词作定语，定语后置 The person there / here is waiting for you. else“其他的，别的”常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语而other用于名词前 what else...，who else...，where else...，nothing else 频度副词如：often，always，usually，never，hardly，seldom等在be动词、助动词、情态动词后，行为动词前 You are often late. She is always worried. I can hardly speak Japanese. 作用 举例 表原意(无-ly)的副词：deep，wide，low，high 引申意(有-ly)的副词：deeply(深入地)，widely(广泛地)，highly(高度地)，lowly(地位卑微地) dig the hole deep，fly high / low be moved deeply，think highly of，be used widely 有无-ly意义大不相同的副词：dead完全，绝对，deadly非常；pretty相当，prettily漂亮地；close近，closely密切地；late晚、迟，lately最近 be dead asleep be deadly tired be pretty certain be prettily dressed Dont sit close. Watch closely! arrive / come late see sb. lately 名称 句型 例句 相等 as＋原级＋as (as＋原级＋名词＋as) The car travels as fast as the train. He doesn’t have as much money as his friend. 不及 not as/so＋原级＋as (not as/so＋原级＋n.＋as) less＋原级＋than She is not as/so beautiful as her sister. 名称 句型 例句 比……更 比较级＋than Health is more important than wealth. 超越 the＋比较级＋of the two “两者中较……的一个” He is the taller of the two. 用于否定 no＋比较级＋than “和……一样不” He did no better than I. 用于否定 “再……不过” His work couldnt be worse. 名称 句型 例句 程度递增 -er and -er / more and more＋多音节词原级： “越来越……” higher and higher；more and more important 两种情况同时变化 the ＋比较级，