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测绘工程专业英语翻译Unit 4
Unit 4 Angle and Direction Measurement (角度和方向测量)
Horizontal and vertical angles are fundamental measurements in surveying. (水平角
和竖直角是测量的 基本测量工作)
It is necessary to be familiar with the meanings of certain basic terms before
describing angle and direction measurement. (在描述角度和方向测量之前,有必要
熟悉【be familiar with 熟悉】几个【certain 某些】基本术语的含义【meaning】)
The terms discussed here have reference to the actual figure of the earth. (这里讨论
的这些术语与地 球的真实形状有关【have reference to 与……有关】)
Basic Terms (基本术语)
A vertical line at any point on the earth’s surface is the line that follows the direction
of gravity at that point. (地球表面任一点的垂线是指这点上沿着重力的方向的线【可
译为:地球表面任一点的垂线方向 是过该点的重力方向】)
It is the direction that a string will assume if a weight is attached at that point and
the string is suspended freely at the point. (如果在这点上用线悬挂一个重物,当线
自由【即无干扰】静止【suspended 暂停的、悬浮的】时,这条线所呈现【assume 呈
现】的方向即重力方向。)
At a given point there is only one vertical line. (在给定的一个点上只有一条垂线。)
A horizontal line at a point is any line that is perpendicular to the vertical line at the
point. (一点上的水平线是垂直【perpendicular 垂直的】于过该点的垂线的直线。)
At any point there are an unlimited number of horizontal lines. (过任一点的水平线有
无数【unlimited】
条。)
A horizontal plane at a point is the plane that is perpendicular to the vertical line at
the point. (过一点的水平面是垂直于过该点的垂线的平面)
There is only one horizontal plane through a given point. (过给定的一个点只有一个
水平面)
A vertical plane at a point is any plane that contains the vertical line at the point. (过
一点的竖 直面是包含【contain】过该点的垂线的任一平面)
There are an unlimited number of vertical planes at a given point. (过给定的一点有
无数个竖直面)
Horizontal Angle and Vertical Angle (水平角和竖直角)
A horizontal angle is the angle formed in a horizontal plane by two intersecting
vertical planes, or a horizontal angle between two lines is the angle between the
projections of the lines onto a horizontal plane. (水平角是指在一个水平面内由两相
交【intersect 相交 v.】的竖直面形成的角,或者说,两条线之间的 水平角是这两
条线在水平面上的投影线的夹角)
For example, observations to different elevation
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