非谓语修改.doc

华侨2016届高三英语语法复习学案 非谓语动词 非谓语动词在句中作状语依然是考查重点但作其他成分近年来也成了测试点并呈现出“情景化”和“设问角度多样化”的趋势。高考热点：不定式在句中作目的状语或产生某种情绪的原因状语；分词在句中作时间、伴随、让步等状语；现在分词sb. / sth. is ＋ ．－ed to do sth. ; 分词的完成式作原因状语。要点储备一：非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成非谓语形式 构成 时态和语态 否定式 不定式 to do to be done to have been done 在非谓语动词前加not 分词 现在分词 doing having done being done having been done 过去分词 done 动名词 doing having done being done having been done 要点储备二：作宾语的非谓语动词比较接不定式作宾语 agree, offer，提供，给予[?n?tend]计划；want, long, 渴望；plan, demand,命令，要求；ask, promise, [?pr?m?s] 允诺il, expect, [?k?spekt] 期望; 预料[pr??tend]，假装[??f?:d] 买得起; 担负得起巧记：同意提出学会打算要求答应来帮忙。准备决定遭拒绝敢于设法有希望。未能做到莫假装选择破釜沉舟当自强接动名词作宾语[?rek??mend]，推荐/suggest, look forward to, excuse/pardon, admit, delay [d??le? 延迟/put off, fancy, avoid,避免； miss, 错过；keep (on), practise, deny, [d??na?]，否认； finish, enjoy/appreciate, [??pri:?ie?t] ，欣赏；prevent/forbid, [f??b?d]禁止；imagine, [??m?d??n；]想象； risk, cant help, mind，allow/permit, escape，[??ske?p]. 巧记：考虑建议盼原谅承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险不禁介意准逃亡dislike, resist, oppose/be opposed to/object to, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, get down to, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to, come close to, be reduced to 注意：介词的宾语一般用－ing但在介词but, 后需跟不定式作宾语(是否带to可参照 “前do后不to”原则) 试比较：He said nothing but to smoke.ate, prefer, continue(接不定式多指具体的动作接动名词多指一般或习惯行为)need, want, require, deserve(接动名词主动形式表示被动意义若接不定式则应用被动形式)(停止去做另一件事)go on to do sth.(接着做另外一件事)(停止正在做的事)doing sth.(接着做同一件事)(指动作尚未发生)mean to do(打算做企图做)(指动作已经发生)(意识是意味着)try to do(设法努力去做尽力)cant help to do(不能帮忙做) (试试去 (忍不住要做)find/think/feel/believe/take/consider/make/...＋it＋＋to do sth./doing sth.We consider it our duty to help each other when in trouble. The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of space. They consider it a waste of time and money to go on with the project. The development of science and technology has made it much easier to communicate [k??mju:n?ke?t] with each other even if