非谓语四步法高中.ppt

非谓语动词 (Nonfinitive Verbs) 高考语法 作定语和状语 谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的变化。 e.g. He works. He takes care of the baby. He will go to Shanghai. He didn’t go to Shanghai. He has gone to Shanghai. You are students. You look smart. 单谓语或动词短语 情态动词/助动词+ v. 系动词+表语 非谓语：主要包括不定式（to do），ving形式以及过去分词（done）。无人称，数的变化，不单独作谓语，但保留动词特点，可以有宾语或状语。 e.g. He works. He wants to work here. You are students, so you don’t work in the factory. Being students, you don’t work in the factory. 非谓语 不定式（to do) 分词 动名词(-ing) 过去分词(-ed) 现在分词(-ing) - ing 分词 -ed 分词 1.判断句中是否已含 谓语动词 2.观察句中是否有连词 3.找逻辑主语，把握主被动关系 4.了解时间关系 做非谓语练习四步法 非谓语动词和谓语动词的识别 例1) Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. have been bought D. buying 一 判断句中是否已含有谓语动词 B If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, you’d better______ it— you’ve got some big bills coming 　 A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget A ---Each student,working hard at his lessons,___to go to university. ---So do I. 2. Each student works hard at his lessons, ___to go to university. A. hoping B. to hope C. hopes D. hoped C 解析 1 中无主句（谓语动词）,不符合非谓语条件；2中已有一个谓语works，故选用非谓语。 A 非谓语使用条件: 1. 句中已经存在谓语动词, 2. 没有连词。 巩固练习：用动词 turn 的恰当形式填空. 1___________to the left , youll find the post office .2 ______to the left to search for the post office . 3________to the left and youll find the post office. 解析 Turning Turn Turn 二 观察句中是否有连词 Each student works hard at his lessons, and_______(hope) to go to university. hopes 三 找逻辑主语，把握主被动关系 逻辑主语：是非谓语动词动作的执行者或承受者；它们在逻辑上存在着主谓关系或动宾关系，但不能直接作非谓语动词的主语，因此叫逻辑主语。 逻辑主语判断： 1.句子主语（状语） He like helping others. Finishing his work, he went to bed immediately.? 2. 介词to. of 或for的宾语 Its kind of you to tell me the news . It is impossible for you to finish so much work