定语从句复习课件1.ppt

定语从句（The Attributive Clause) 什么叫定语？ 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句叫做定语。 Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country; America is a developed country. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.. His job is to train swimmers. Peel three bananas. What’s your name, please? 定语从句： 在复合句中，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句。 Eg: China is a country which has a long history. 中国是一个具有悠久历史的国家。 The man who I saw is called Smith. 我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 Eg: A plane is a machine that can fly in the sky. 飞机是一种可以在天上飞的机器。 Jay is a popular singer in Taiwan who is famous for rap music. 周杰伦是一个在台湾以说唱乐闻名的著名歌手。 关系代词： 引导从句，并在句中充当一定的语法成分（主语、宾语、定语）。 1. The man who/that spoke to the headmaster is our physics teacher. 2. The woman (who/whom/that) we met at the school gate is Wei Fang’s mother. 3. The house which/that is being built there belongs to Mr Bill. 4. This is the famous doctor whose daughter teaches in our school. 1）用that而不用 which的情况： ①当先行词为不定代词all, little, few, much ，none, anything, nothing, everything等时； ②当先行词被最高级、序数词以及the very, the few, the only修饰时； ③当先行词被some, any , no ,every 等词修饰； ④当先行词由表示人和物的两个并列的名词构成时； ⑤当主句是以which或who引导的特殊疑问句时； ⑥当引导词在从句中作表语时。 1. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. （没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。） 2. The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.（在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。） 3. This is the best film that I have ever seen. （这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。） 4. Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. （史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。） 2）用which而不用 that的情况： ①介词后； ②非限制性定语从句 eg: This is the room in which my father lived last year. (这是父亲去年居住过的房子。) He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. (他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。) 1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。 e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整） 2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。 e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译） 指人时，在下列情况下一般选用who: 1.当先行词为those, one, anyone