地理学思想史指要_杰弗里_马丁_所有可能的世界_地理学思想史_评介.pdf

人文地理 2009 年第6 期总第110 期 文章编号： （ ） 1003-2398 2009 06-0010-06 地理学思想史指要 ——— 杰弗里 马丁 所有可能的世界 地理学思想史 评介 · 《 ： 》 叶 超 蔡运龙 ， 北京大学城市与环境学院 北京 ( ， 100871) A REVIEW ON ALL POSSIBLE WORLDS: A HISTORY OF GEOGRAPHICAL IDEAS YE Chao, CAI Yun-long (Colleg e of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beij ing 100871, China) Abstract: It is very important for geographers to know and understand the history of geographical ideas. The relative research findings about the history of geographical thoughts are not enough in China, and it has been ignored for a long time. The scholars who study the history of geographical ideas should not only master and state the geographical ideas and knowledge, and the formation and evolution of them, but also by way of this knowledge accurately understand the nature of the geography. In his book, Geoffrey Martin holds that the dif- ference of the Earths surface is the keystone of geography, and the main task of geographers is to describe and explain it. The whole history of geographical ideas can be divided into two major phases: the classical and modern times. The demarcation between the first and the second stage is in 1859, because the founders of modern geography, Humboldt and Ritter died in this year. Although geography has common object and sub- ject all over the world, geography of each country has its own tradition and characteristics in the different stages. Geographers shou