infiniteusages.ppt

To tell the truth, I am not happy at the moment. (7).独立结构 to be frank, to be honest, to tell the truth He didn’t know ____________. (8) . 与疑问词等连用 what to say 不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what 等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。 He didn’t know what to say.(宾语) How to solve the problem is very important.(主语) My question is when to start. (表语) 注意： 在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。表达向某人提建议。翻译成“为什么不....?干 Why not have a rest? Why not take a holiday？ It means the infinitive without to. 使役动词let，make，have，动词不定式不加to。如： I let her borrow my book. She made me promise to write every day. The teacher often has his students read aloud in class. Bare infinitive 感官动词feel，hear，see，watch，动词不定式不加to。如： I saw her talk to her new friends. She heard the boy break his glasses. 注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。 e.g. A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→ My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. Part 1 To infinitive Bare infinitive Do you believe I can fly like a bird? How can you believe I can fly like a bird? _______is to believe. It’s impossible for humans _________________now. To see to fly like a bird 结构 : to do;(否定) not to do 二. 时态与语态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 进行式 完成式 完成进行式 不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing ---------- ---------- (1).They pretended not to see us. (2). He pretended to be sleeping. (3).She pretended to have known it before. (一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎同时/发生在 它之后.) (进行式表示在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作 也正在进行) (完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前) (4).We’re happy to have been working with you. (完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的 动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续) 1. 作主语 2. 作宾语 3. 作宾语补足语 4. 作定语 5. 作状语 6. 作表语 7. 作独立成分 8. 与疑问词等连用 (1).不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语. To see is to believe. It’s impossible for humans to fly like a bird now. My job to________________. Your task to_____________ . is is (2).不定式作表语 protect the world. He likes t