Lesson7negationnumericalsmultiples(English2012).ppt

a again indicating “倍” as much (many…) again as again as much (many…) as 是 ……的两倍; 比……多一倍 Half as much (many…) as Half again as much (many…) as 是……的一倍半; 比…...多一半 e.g. The amount left was estimated to be half again as much as all the copper that has been mined. 当时估计,未开采的铜量是已开采铜量的一倍半。 The wire is as long again as that. 这根金属线的长度为那根的两倍。(这根比那根长一倍) This wire is half again as long as that. 这根金属线的长度是那根的一倍半。(这根比那根长50%) 7.3.3 倍数的减少的译法 Air is brought into the cylinders and compressed about twice as much as the vapor in the cylinder of a gasoline engine. 空气被压送进汽缸,并被压缩到大约为汽油机汽缸中可燃混合气的体积的二分之一。 The speed of the machine was decreased by a factor of five. 该机器的运转速度降低了4/5。 7.3.3 倍数的减少的译法 表示倍数减少,英语习惯使用倍数,而汉语则习惯使用分数和百分数,翻译时需要换算 如decrease N times/fold可译为: 减少到原来的1/N, 或减少了(N-1)/N。 Decrease by 3 times 减少了2/3（减至1/3） Decrease by a factor of 3 减少了2/3（减至1/3） Decrease 3 times 减少了2/3（减至1/3） 3 times less than 减少了2/3（减至1/3） A is 3 times smaller than B A是B的1/3 A比B小2/3 “reduce by a factor of N” 减少(N-1)/N The length of the test bed was reduced by a factor of ten. 实验台的长度减少到十分之一(……减少了十分之九) 7.3.4 半数的译法 half (of) “是……的一半” half as much as “比……少一半”; 比……少二分之一 Reducing the data rate by one-half will double the duration of each symbol interval. 把数据传输速度减小一半,将会使每一符号间隔时间延长一倍。 7.3.5 分数和百分数增减的译法 英语和汉语中,表示分数和百分数的增减,一般都不包括基数在内。因此可直接翻译成 “增加(减少)百分之几”或”增加(减少)几分之几” e.g. Production has increased 100% over a previous two -- step method. 同以前的两段法相比,产量翻了一番。 A8 reduces volume by as much as 40%, over ceramic magnets, thus reducing overall cost. 同陶瓷磁石相比, A8的体积减少40%, 因而降低了总成本。 名词+分数/百分数也可表达增加或减少的概念 e.g. A reduction of only four or five percent in body water leads to a drop of 20 to 30 percent in work ability. 体内水分只要减少4%或5%, 就使工作能力下降20%-30%。 百分数+名词 原来的百分之几,表示增加后的结果,包括基数在内。翻译时,直接译出,也可按倍数的译法处理。 e.g. This year the factory has produced 250% the number of color TV set in 1985. 该厂生产的彩电是1985年的2.5倍。