高一英语必修三第一课.ppt

主谓一致 主谓一致： 在英语表达中，句子中的谓语动词在人称和数量上要与主语保持一致，我们称之为“主谓一致”。要做到主谓一致，除了要考虑句中主语的人称和数的变化外，还要考虑到谓语动词的时态和语态的变化。 （一）并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 （二）单一主语的主谓一致 （三）其他情况的主谓一致 （一）并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1）由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。如: Lucy and Lily are twins. She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are young 　　 注意: ① 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:The writer and artist has come.; ② 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every， many a(an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如: Every student and every teacher was in the room No boy and no girl likes it. ③并列主语作为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数形式 Eg ：The knife and fork has been washed 2）当两个主语由either … or, neither … nor, not only … but also，or连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如: Either the teacher or the students are our friends. Neither they nor he is right. Is neither he nor they right? （二）单一主语的主谓一致 1）以复数形式结尾的名词作主语 A）一些学科名词是以 -ics 结尾如:mathematics（数学）, politics（政治学）, physics （物理学）以及news, works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如: The paper works was built in 1990. I think physics isnt easy to study. B）一些名词如means（方法），works（工厂），crossroads（十字路口）等的单复数同形，因此需要根据其表达的是单数概念还是复数概念来确定谓语动词的单复数，例如： This works was built in 1982. This means has been tried All means have been tried C）有两部分组成的物质名词如：trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如: My glasses are broken. The pair of shoes under the bed is his. D）若英语是书名、组织机构、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如: The United States is a developed country The New York Times is widely read in the world E）由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语谓语用复数。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 2）集体名词作主语时： A）如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, 等。如:Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor. B）people, police, cattle，youth等名词一般都用作复数。如: The police are looking for the lost child. C）mankind，man，humanity作主语时，谓语动词