《科技英语文献阅读与翻译》Unit1-TextA.pptVIP

Unit One Mathematics Text A Game Theory Background Information Avinash Dixit and Barry Nalebuff Avinash Dixit is the John J. Sherred Professor of Economics at Princeton University. Barry Nalebuff is Milton Steinbach Professor of Management at Yale University, School of Organization and Management. Game Theory Game theory is the mathematical analysis of any situation involving a conflict of interest, with the intent of indicating the optimal choices that, under given conditions, will lead to a desired outcome. Although game theory has roots in the study of such well-known amusements as checkers, tick-tack-toe, and poker—hence the name—it also involves much more serious conflicts of interest arising in such fields as sociology, economics, and political military science. 博弈论 博弈论有时也称为对策论是应用数学的一个分支, 是研究具有斗争或竞争性质现象的数学理论和方法,也是运筹学的一个重要学科。目前在社会学,生物学，经济学，国际关系，计算机科学, 政治学，军事战略和其他很多学科都有广泛的应用。 Princeton Princeton is a city in Green Lake County, NJ, United States. Princeton University Princeton University is a coeducational private university located in Princeton, New Jersey. It is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the U.S. and is one of the eight Ivy League universities. Princeton has traditionally focused on undergraduate education and academic research, it now offers a large number of top-rated professional Masters degrees and PhD programs in a range of subjects. John von Neumann John von Neumann He was a Hungarian-born American mathematician and who made contributions to quantum physics, functional analysis, set theory, economics, computer science, topology, numerical analysis, hydrodynamics (of explosions), statistics and many other mathematical fields as one of world history’s outstanding mathematicians. John von Neumann Most notably, von Neumann was a pioneer of the modern digital computer and the application of operator theory to quantum mechanics, a member of the Manhattan Project and the Institute for Advanced Study at P