_ch_01_PPT_lecture.ppt

Chapter 1 What Is Nutrition? OBJECTIVES FOR CHAPTER 1 Discuss the factors that influence food choice. Define the term nutrition. Describe how nutrition affects your health. Name and explain the six categories of nutrients found in food and in the body. Differentiate between the three energy nutrients: carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Calculate the calorie content of a food based on the grams of carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Understand the important roles that vitamins, minerals, and water play in your diet. Understand the scientific method that is involved in nutrition research. Identify sources of accurate nutrition information. Discuss the current nutritional state of the American diet. WHAT DRIVES OUR FOOD CHOICES? We need to eat and drink to obtain（获得）: Nutrients（营养物质）: chemical compounds in foods to provide fuel for energy (measured in kilocalories), growth, maintenance and to regulate body processes 化学化合物在食物为能量 （千卡热量单位），提供燃料中生长，维护并调节身体过程 Six classes: carbohydrates 碳水化合物, fats, protein蛋白质, vitamins, minerals矿物, water Phytochemicals植物化学物质: nonnutrient compounds that contribute to health and may play a role in fighting chronic diseases 非营养的化合物，有助于健康和可能发挥在抗击慢性疾病的作用 WHAT DRIVES OUR FOOD CHOICES? We choose foods for many other reasons beyond 超越 the basic 基本 need to obtain nutrients:获取营养 Taste and culture Social reasons and trends 趋势 Cost, time, and convenience Habits and emotions WHAT IS NUTRITION AND WHY IS GOOD NUTRITION SO IMPORTANT? Nutrition: a science that studies how nutrients and compounds 化合物in foods nourish 滋养，使健壮and affect body functions and health Chronic deficiencies慢性的不足之处, excesses越轨, and imbalances of nutrients can affect health, both short-term and long-term Good nutrition plays a role in reducing the risk of many chronic diseases and conditions条件, including heart disease, cancer, stroke 中风, diabetes 糖尿病, osteoporosis骨质酥松, high blood pressure, and obesity 肥大 Table 1.1 WHAT ARE THE ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS AND WHY DO YOU NEED THEM? The six class