句子的多样性.ppt

3.5 句子的多样性The diversity of the sentence Think: 1.句子的多样性包括哪两个方面？ a.句子的内部结构变化 He was late for work because of traffic jam. The reason why he was late for work is that the traffic was busy. b.句子的外部形态变化 It was on a Sunday evening, when he was lying in the yard listening to a blackbird and composing a love poem, that he heard the gate swing to and saw the girl coming running among the trees. 2.句子多样化的意义？ 避免句子过于单调呆板，缺乏生气。换言之，丰富句式，美化文章 取得句子多样性的方法(P76-81) （一）变化句子的开头 副词修饰语 E.g. Reluctantly, the boy went out of the classroom. 并列连词和过渡性短语(and, but, either…or…, neither…nor…, as well as , not only ...but also... however, still, while, for, therefore, so 等 ) E.g. He didnt pass the entrance exam. He had no chance to continue studying. He didnt pass the entrance exam. So he had no chance to continue studying. 分词短语 E.g. Exhausted, the witness didn’t cooperate. （注：掉尾句指中心意思出现在句尾的句子） 偶尔使用 there (it) be 结构（强调作用） E.g. It is what you did but not what you said that matters. （二）变化句子的种类 句子种类的划分： 按使用目的划分 陈述句，疑问句，祈使句，感叹句 按句子结构划分 简单句，并列句，复合句，并列复合句 从修辞角度划分 松散句，掉尾句 a.松散句（loose sentence）：指组织松散的句子，句子组成部分可比较自由地拆散，在句中某些地方可随时停顿.主要思想在前面 E.g. I found the key where I left it. b.掉尾句（periodic sentence）: 中心意思在句尾的句子，任何掉尾句从语法上 看都是一个个不可分割的语言单位 E.g. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. （三）变化句子的长短和结构 a.变化句子的长短；拆长补短，长短混合 E.g. Dusk is here now. So I switch on the lamp beside my desk. The powerhouse burns its hoarded tons of coal a week and gives us this instant and most marvelous current. b.变化句子的结构：优化重组，减少累赘 E.g. The moon is now drifting away from the earth. It moves away at the rate of about one inch a year. The moon is now drifting away from the earth at the rate of about one inch a year. （四）变化正常的语序 a.使用倒装语序（inverted order），取得句子多样性 Eg. Never had I heard such a ridiculous story. b.在两个连续的句子中，当第二个句子对第一个句子进行扩展时可颠倒主语、动词和补语的正常语序，取得句子多样性 * *