Lecture1翻译概述.pptVIP

Lecture One Definitions Differences between English and Chinese Criteria of translation Basic requirements on translators Translation approaches 1. Definitions To turn into one’s own language or another language --- (Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language) “翻成本族语言或另一种语言” Definition Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. (Eugene A. Nida and Charles R. Taber, 1982:12) 所谓翻译，是指从语义到文体在译语中用最切近而又最自然的对等语再现原语的信息。 Definition 翻译是译者将一种语言文字所蕴含的意思用另一种语言文字表述出来的文化活动。 Forms oral translation written translation computer-aided / machine translation 2. Basic Differences between Chinese English 语言自身差异 黄河流经中国的9个省和自治区，全长5464公里，流域面积75万2443平方公里。 The Yellow River runs 5464 kms across 9 provinces and autonomous regions with drainage area of 752,443 square kms. 2. 四字格词组 He was canny, open-handed, brisk, candid and modest. 他为人聪明大方，生机勃勃，忠厚耿直，谦虚谨慎。 Diana was the very essence of compassion, of duty, of style, of beauty. 戴安娜同情心重，责任感强，风度翩翩，美丽动人。 3. 词语形态变化 Flowers bloom all over the yard. He was as poor as we are. 密码 secret code 救火 to save fire 初恋 early love 青春痘 youth spot 拳头产品 fist product 隐形眼镜 invisible glasses 白马王子 white-horse prince password to fight fire puppy love whelk knockout product contact lenses prince charming 思维差异 油漆未干 wet paint 闲人免进 staff only 勿踏草坪 keep off the grass 交际情景差异 “您贵姓？” What is your honorable name? Could I have your name? Do you mind opening the door? 麻烦您开个门。 Yan Fu’s three-character criterion of translation “信” Being faithful to the original（忠实于原文） “达” Being explicit and smooth（明白晓畅） “雅” Being elegant in diction (words)（措辞的优雅） Criteria of translation 一是易解，二是保存原作的丰姿（鲁迅） 神似（similarity in spirit）（傅雷） 化境（sublimation）（钱钟书） Alexander F. Tytler’s