Module2Unit3被动语态(Book9A)1.ppt

英语句子有主动语态和被动语态之分。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。如果我们不知道或没必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或需要强调动作的承受者，就要用到被动语态。 一、主动语态变被动语态的方法 【例句】我们每天打扫教室。 主动语态：We clean our classroom every day. 主语 谓语 宾语 被动语态：Our classroom is cleaned by us every day. 主语 谓语 宾语 【口诀】宾提前变主，主变介by宾，谓语“be + done”，状语不用变。 【说明】主动语态变被动语态一般分四步： 1. 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语； 2. 将主动语态的谓语结构变为被动语态的谓语结构，即“be +动词的过去分词”； 3. 将主动语态中的主语放在介词by后，by短语通常位于被动谓语结构之后； 4. 主动语态中的时间、地点状语等在被动语态中不变。 三、主动语态变被动语态时常见错误分析 主动语态变被动语态时，初学者常犯以下两种错误： 1. 误用人称代词 Jim often sees us. → 【误】Us are often seen (by Jim). 【正】We are often seen (by Jim). 【析】如果主动语态句子的宾语是人称代词, 在变被动语态时要用其对应的主格形式。 2. 混淆主、被动谓语结构 Does he do a lot of work every day? → 【误】Does a lot of work done (by him) every day? 【正】Is a lot of work done (by him) every day? 【析】不要把主、被动谓语结构混在一起，尤其在否定句和疑问句中。 课堂小测验 Ⅰ. 下面各句中均有一处错误，请指出 并改正。 1. Confucius’ works are still readed by many people today. 2. Millions of people are seen Shakespeare’s plays every year. 3. Which book described in New Standard? Ⅱ. 请将下列各句改为被动语态(每空一词)。 1. Everyone loves music. ____________ by everyone. 2. My aunt often gives me foreign stamps. I __ often ____ foreign stamps by my aunt. 3. How often do you clean the floor? How often ________________ ? 4. The small boy eats a big fish every day. A big fish _________ the small boy every day. 5. They grow rice in the town. Rice ________ in the town by _____. Ⅲ. 请将下列各句改为主动语态(每空一词)。 1. Is a meeting held here every Saturday? ___ they _____________ here every Saturday? 2. Is the song sung by Jim? ____ Jim ____ the song? 3. What is done by Betty when she is at home? What _____________when she is at home? Ⅳ. 请根据所给汉语, 完成下列各句(每空一词, 含缩写)。 1. 就我所知, 我们不会迟到, 因为我们有 很多的时间。 ________ I know, we won’t be late, because we have plenty of time. 2. 你不能跟我们一起去真遗憾。 _______