unit4动名词的用法.ppt

动名词的定义 V-ing形式的构成方式： 区分方法 1.如果-ing形式在句子中作状语和补语，那么它一定是现在分词。例如： 1. She saw Jim playing with the cat. 2. Having finished his homework, he went out to play. 2.如果-ing形式在句子中作主语、宾语和同位语，那么它一定是动名词。例如： Smoking is harm to your body. I like swimming. His aim, going to college, will come true. 3.作定语的区分方法：如果被修饰的名词与-ing形式有逻辑上的主谓关系，即都表示所修饰的人或物所发出的动作，（可以扩展为定语从句），那么它就是现在分词；如果没有，那么它就是动名词。例如： The sleeping child (the child who is sleeping ) is my little sister.（现在分词） Do you like sleeping cars?（动名词） 4.作表语的区分方法： 如果-ing形式相当于一个形容词，表示主语的性质或特征，和主语的位置不能互换，那么-ing形式就是现在分词； 如果-ing形式相当于一个名词，与主语处于同等地位，可以与主语互换位置，那么-ing 形式就是动名词。例如： Her job is feeding these animals.（这句话可以改为：Fe-eding these animals is her job.因此，feeding是动名词。） The book is interesting.（这句话不可以改为：Interesti-ng is the book.所以，interesting 是现在分词。） 为了便于记忆，特归纳如下： Correct the mistakes in each sentence. 1.We would appreciate to hear from you soon. 2.Lucy dosen’t mind to lend you her MP3. 3.After take his measure, they decided to give him the position. 4.Which do you like spending your weekend,　fishing or shopping? 5.I still remember taken to Shanghai when I was a child. Unit 4 Grammar 动名词(Gerunds)语法点的讲练 它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为:v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例） having been written being written 被动语态 having written writing 主动语态 完成时 一般时 时态 语态 注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing 1.在一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加词尾 –ing。 eg. go – going; do – doing; ask – asking; read --- reading  study – studying; carry – carrying; fly – flying; worry – worrying; 2.在以不发音的e 结尾的动词后，去掉e，再加- ing。 eg. come – coming live – living dance – dancing make – making 3.在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词，而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，将这个辅音字母双写（x除外），然后再加 –ing. sit – sitting; run – running; begin – beginning; forget – forgetting 4.在少数几个以 –ie 结尾的动词后：须将–ie 变作y，再加- ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明) eg. die – dying; tie – tying lie – lying 性质 主语 表语 宾语 宾补 定语 状语 动名词 n. pron. 动名词现在分词的区别 性质 主语 表语