week5谓语的翻译.ppt

4. Choice of Predicate Differences of Subject-Predicate Structure between Chinese English 汉语的分析型(analytic)语言VS.英语的综合型(synthetic)语言 汉语的复杂谓语成分VS.英语的单一谓语成分 汉语谓语的多主动式VS.英语谓语的多被动式 分析型语言VS综合型语言 汉语分析型语言典型特征： 无词尾屈折变化 (inflection) 英语综合型语言有丰富的屈折变化形式： table／tables run／ran／run the boy‘s She sings beautifully. 我（你，他，他们） 来自 深圳。 I (You/ He/ They) am (are/is/ are) / from Shenzhen. C come (come, comes/come) 谓语成分的复杂性VS英语的单一谓语成分 1. 她的未婚夫都60了。 Her fiancé is already 60 years old. 2. 我想吃麦当劳。 I want to eat at the Macdonald’s. 3. 快餐食品并不健康！ Fast food is not wholesome, after all. 4. 三星的手机外观很漂亮。 Samsung Brand cell phones look beautiful. 5. 历史, 人民创造的。 History is made by the people. 6. 他就会持枪劫车杀人越货。 He is good for nothing but hijacking vehicles and looting the goods by killing the drivers with his gun. 汉语谓语的多主动式VS.英语谓语的多被动式 1. 问题解决了。 The problem has been solved. 2. 大家都觉得这样做不妥。 It is generally considered not advisable to act that way. 3. 必须采取措施来控制水污染。 Measures have to be taken to control the water pollution. 4. 明天下午两点开教学研讨会，全体教师务必参加。 There will be a Teaching Symposium at 2：00 p. m. tomorrow．All the faculty are expected to attend． 确定谓语的原则 谓语要和主语保持人称、数的一致； 谓语要明示汉语隐含的时态、情态和语气； 谓语必须与主语及宾语在逻辑上搭配得当 4. 原文若是形容词短语、名词性短语、数量词或介词短语做谓语，译文常代之以系表结构 5. 原文若为有/无形式标志的被动式，译文宜用被动式作谓语； 6. 若不知原文谓语动作的发出者是谁，或者原文的主语为 “人们”、“大家”等，或者句中含有 “据传”、“据悉”等字眼，译文的谓语常用以 “it” 为形式主语的被动句式； 1. 他的那副尊容，只要见过一次，无论什么时候都不会忘记。 He has a face that once you see will never be forgotten. 2. 当前，我国的职业教育和成人教育正在加快发展。 Vocational education and adult education are being pushed on energetically in our country. 3. 她的独子让车给轧了。 Her only son was run over by a car. 1. 茶会上只供应茶和蛋糕。 Only tea and cakes will be served at the tea party. 2. 今晚有人在此讲了些不该讲的话。 Something which shouldn’t have been mentioned was said here tonight. 3. 他做实验时心不在焉，几乎引起化学药物爆炸。 His absent-mindedness during the ex