景琦高二英语名词性从句复习.ppt

* 高二英语总复习语法系列训练 名词性从句 一、引导名词性从句的连接词 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：　　 连接词：that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why 不可省略的连词： 1. 介词后的连词 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 That she was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。但在下列情况下，whether 不能被 if 所取代： 1.whether 引导主语从句（包括从句在句首的位置）应当用whether，不用if，如： Whether it is true remains a problem. Whether he will come, I am not sure. 2. 引导表语从句用whether，不用if，如： The question is whether you should accept it. 3. whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，而if 则不能，如： I’m not interested in whether they’ll go or not. It depends on whether we have got enough money. 4. whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用，而if 则不能，如： I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. She hasn’t decided whether to go or not. 5.引导同位语从句用whether，不用if，如： The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is essential. ★大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可置于句末，用it充当形式主语。 It is not important who will go. 二、 名词性that-从句 1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。 名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如： 主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck. 宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 2）that-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如： It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.　 Its a pity that you should have to leave.　 a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 　It is necessary that…　　　 有必要…… 　It is important that…　　　 重要的是…… 　It is obvious that…　　　　 很明显…… b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 　It is believed that…　　　　　 人们相信…… 　It is known to all that…　　　 从所周知…… 　It has been decided that…　　 已决定…… c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 　It is common knowledge t