曼昆经济学原理Chapter28.ppt

Why Are There Always Some People Unemployed? Frictional unemployment - inevitable Changes in demand for labor among different firms Changes in composition of demand among industries or regions (sectoral shifts) The economy is always changing Jobs created in some firms Jobs destroyed in other firms * ? 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. Why Are There Always Some People Unemployed? Structural unemployment Results when wages are set above the equilibrium Minimum-wage laws, unions, and efficiency wages * ? 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. Public Policy and Job Search Reduce time for unemployed to find jobs Reduce natural rate of unemployment Government programs – to facilitate job search Government-run employment agencies collect disseminate job information Public training programs * ? 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. Public Policy and Job Search Unemployment insurance Government program partially protecting workers’ incomes When they become unemployed 50% of former wages upto six months (US) Increases frictional unemployment Without intending to do so Unemployed Devote less effort to job search More likely to turn down unattractive job offers * ? 2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed