简单句五种基本句型.ppt

英语简单句五种基本句型 A: 词类及基本用法 基本句型一：Ｓ +Ｖ （主＋谓） 基本句型二：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋谓/系＋表） 基本句型三：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 基本句型四: Ｓ +Ｖ +InO +DＯ(主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 基本句型五: Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +OＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 组成句子的各个组成部分叫句子成分： 1. 主语:是一个句子的主干部分之一,主语表明是“什么人” ， “ 什么事”.通常由名词,代词,动词不定式,动名词来充当. 1.Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard. 3.To learn a foreign language is not easy. 4.Playing football after school is great fun. 主 谓 宾 定 状 补 表 2.谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由动词充当. 1.They work very hard. 2.He plays basketball every afternoon. 3.I will go camping tomorrow. 3. 表语：跟在连系动词后面的词语或从句,用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态. My sister is a nurse. The trees turn green. The flower smells good. . 系动词有: 1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand; 3.表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow; 3.宾语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一般放在及物动词或介词后面.由名词,代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词和宾语从句构成. 1.We study English. 2.I saw him yesterday. 3.He wanted to have a pen. 4.She likes playing basketball. 5.Our teacher said that he would go there. 注意：双宾语：指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。 He gave me two books. 4.定语:用来修饰名词或代词的词.形容词, 形容词性物主代词,名词,不定式,介词短语, 不定代词,从句等. 1、This is a red car. 2、The building is their teaching building. 3、The woman doctor is my wife. 4、I have something to tell you. 5、The man in front of the gate is Mr. Li. 6、Every student has an English book. 7、I know the boy who is playing basketball on the playground. 5.状语:说明动作或状态特征修饰用来修饰动 词,形容词,副词或整个句子.副词,介词短语,动 词不定式,以及 after, when, as soon as , until, if, before等引起的从句. You are quite right. They often draw in the park. If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 6. 宾补：补充说明宾语。(宾语和宾补 之间有逻辑上的主谓关系） 宾语+ 宾补叫复合宾语，复合宾语有以 下几种类型： 1 名词（代词）+ 不定式 2 名词（代词）+ 分 词 3 名词（代词）+ 名 词 4 名词 （代词）+ 形容词 1 、名词（代词）+ 不定式 John asked me to help him. 名词（代词）+ 分词 （现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动） I found him standing at the gate . She could feel her heart beating violently. He spoke slowly in order to make