翻译的文化透视.ppt

翻译的文化透视 吕晓菲 文化词汇的翻译策略 策略主要包括六种: 音译、音意兼译、直译、直译加补充信息、意译、借用。 1. 音译 北京 Beijing; 八达岭 Badaling; 功夫 Kongfu; 麻将 mahjong; 荔枝 Litchi; 高粱 Kaoliang; 算盘 suanpan; 叩头 Kowtow 2. 音意兼译 胡同: Hutong, a passage between rows of coutyard houses, each consisting of a rectangular courtyard surrounded by one-story, tile-roofed houses. 京戏 Beijing Opera; 杜甫草堂 Dufus Thatched Cottage; 太湖 Taihu lake; 峨眉山 Emei Mountain 饺子 Jiaozi Chinese-style Ravioli 馒头 Mantou Steamed Bread 粽子 Zongzi ( sticky rice dumpling wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves) (古城）西安街头饮食摊点比比皆是，琳琅满目的美味，让人不知道先吃什么好。吃羊肉泡馍，还是吃包子？ More and more restaurants and food stalls have begun to line Xian streets, offering so many dazzling and delicious foods that it is hard to decide what to eat first. Will it be Yangroupaomo cake soaked in mutton or baozi-steamed buns with meat or vegetable fillings? 3. 直译 3.1 中菜与主食英译 烹调法+原料 回锅肉 Twice-cooked Pork/ Double Cooked Pork 炒肉丝 Stir-fried Pork Slices; 炖牛肉 Stewed Beef; 煎鸡蛋 Fried Eggs 红烧鱼 Braised Fish with Brown Sauce 狮子头 Lions head— Pork Meat Balls 3.2 他连看都不看他们一眼，他想你他妈的猫哭老鼠 充什么好人？ He did not so much as look at them, thinking, whats the good of your cats crying for the death of a rat? 叫一声请! 一齐动筷，却如风卷残云，早去了一半。 At the signal to begin, they fell to with their chopsticks, like a whirlwind scattering wisps of clouds. 旁边一人鼓掌大笑曰：“此事易如反掌，何必多议！” （《三国演义》） The one of those about him suddenly clapped his hands, crying, Its as easy as turning over ones hand! Why so much talk! 他们愚弄过我们，我们要以其人之道还治其人之身。（《子夜》） We will pay them back for the trick they played on us. 风浪是意料中事; 所谓 道高一尺, 魔高一丈! (《子夜》） Heavy seas were only to be expected. While the priest climbs a foot, the devil climbs ten! was the way it went. “ 君子动口不动手！” 阿Q歪着头说。（《阿Q正传》） 译1：A gentleman uses his tongue but not his hands! protested AH Q, his head on one side. 译2： The superior man moves only his mouth and not his hand! shouted Ah Q, with his head twisted to one side. 4. 直译加补充信息或注释 狮子头 Lions Head— Pork Meat Balls 龙凤配 Dragon Phoenix— Two separate dishes c