英美概况-美国PartIIHistory.ppt

D. Washington’s Retirement 1.According to our text book, Washington took a neutral stand in the French Revolution and carried out Federalist policy, people grew dissatisfied with him. French Revolution began as a struggle for freedom against a dishonest and tyrannical government. In 1793, the revolutionaries executed the French king and Queen. The rulers of other European nations were frightened. So most of them were at war with France. The new French government hoped for American support. Yet Washington decided to remain neutral to stay out of the war. 1.??? 2. Washington’s retirement 3.?John Adams and the overthrow of the Federalists 1 1)?Sedition Act镇压叛乱法 (actions that bring on public disorder or lead to treason) ---It was aimed at the American “trouble-makers” ---It was a threat to freedom of speech. ---Using the sedition Act, the government fined and imprisoned the editors of several democratic Republican newspapers 2 )The federalists were overthrown/defeated Jefferson was elected as president. It showed that democracy had won the support of the people 4.The Administration of Thomas Jefferson 1)Jefferson who preferred a weaker government was supported by farmer, mechanics, poorer classes Hamilton preferred a strong government was supported by bankers, merchants, traders, businessmen 2)?the First American president inaugurated in the City of Washington 3)?actions taken: ----abolished the Sedition Act ----cut down expenses ----reduced taxes ----diminished the number of the army and the navy ----paid off one-third of the national debt ----bought Louisiana ----comment on Jefferson VII. The War of 1812 (1812-1814) 1. Causes of the War (1) England wanted to take back what she had lost in America (2) kept on carrying out armed provocation挑衅 (3) searched on the sea for American ships caught American sailors (4) stirred up Indians to oppose America 2. Progress of the War The British: ---did well in the East along the coas