词语的英译Part1.pptVIP

Chapter Ⅲ Translation of Words 1. The Semiotic Perspective of Translation 汉英翻译的符号学视角 1.2 Semiotics（符号学） Semiotics, semiotic studies, or semiology is the study of signs and symbols, both individually and grouped into sign systems. It includes the study of how meaning is constructed and understood. Semioticians also sometimes examine how organisms make predictions about and adapt to their semiotic niche in the world. In general, semiotic theories are about signs, while the study of the communication of information in living organisms is covered in biosemiotics or zoosemiosis. 1.2 Semiotics（符号学） (philosophy) a philosophical theory of the functions of signs and symbols (hypernym) philosophical doctrine , philosophical theory (classification) philosophy 符号学在翻译中的体现 南京的风俗：但凡新媳妇进门，三日就要到厨下收拾一样菜，发个利市。这菜一定是鱼，取“富贵有余”的意思。 The custom in Nanjing is for all brides to invite good luck by going to the kitchen on the third day and cooking a fish, which stands for fortune. 1.3 符号学意义 指称意义（概念意义） Designative Meaning 词语、句子和篇章反映的客观世界。 语用意义（蕴涵、联想、象征意义） Connotative Meaning 语言符号与使用者的关系，是语言符号对人产生的影响。 1.3.1 指称意义 Designative Meaning “词的确切和字面的意义（strict and literal meaning） ---陆国强《现代英语词汇学》 指称意义不完全等同于“字面意义” （literal meaning） 指称意义不完全等同于“词典意义”（dictionary meaning），因为词典中词条的释义，不仅有指称意义，还有蕴涵意义。 指称意义的理解和表达范例 他是我父亲。 He is my father. 这姑娘是漂亮。 The girl is really beautiful. 此人是书就读。 This man reads every book he can reach. 是可忍，孰不可忍？ If this can be tolerated, what cannot? 是古非今 praise the past to condemn the present 知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。 When you know a thing, to hold that you know it, and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it --- this is knowledge. 1.3.2 蕴含意义Connotative Meaning 指词语内含的情感和联想意义，主要体现在词语的修辞色彩、文体特征、文化内涵等方面。 国俗词语如成语、谚语、歇后语（enigmatic folk similes）等，翻译时应在不影响指称意义传达的前提下尽可能在译文中反映出原文独特的文化信息和审美价值。 蕴涵意义的理解和表达范例 咱们俩的事儿，是一条绳上拴着两只蚂蚱---谁也跑不了！ We’re like two grasshoppers tied to one cor