直接引语变间接引语及与宾语从句的区别.ppt

Grammar (2) Reported speech with tense changes * * * * 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 陈述句变为引导的宾语从句 1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”. 3. She said, “I will come today.” He said that I was younger than him. He says that Tom is a good student. She said that she would go that day. 当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时, 从句的______, ________, _________等要作出变化. 人称 时态 时间状语 间接引语的结构： 主句 + 引导词+ 从句 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 can may must will 谓语结构 He said , “I am afraid I can’t finish my homework.” He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish his homework. He said , “I am doing my homework.” He said that he was dong his homework. She said , “I have not heard from him since May.” She said that she had not heard from him since May. 一般现在时------ 一般过去时 现在进行时-----过去进行时 现在完成时-----过去完成时 时态, 人称变化: He said , “I was ill .” He said that he had been ill . He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.” He said that he had finished his homework before supper. Zhou Lan said , “I will do it after class.” Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class. 一般过去时-----过去完成时 过去完成时-----过去完成时 一般将来时-----过去将来时 如果主句的谓语动词是过去时态，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的谓语动词的时态通常要作相应的变化。时态变化的一般规则如下表： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 can may must will 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去将来时 could might had to would 1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语 从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。 2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语 动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容 为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。 e.g. The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun. 注 意： 指示代词, 时间状语,地点状语和动词的变化 She said , “I will come this morning.” She said she would go that morning. He said , “These books are mine.” He said , “It is 9 o’clock now.” He said those books were his. He said it was 9 o’clock then. He said , “I haven’t seen her today.” She said ,”I went there yesterday.” She said , “I will go there tomorrow.” He said he hadn’t seen her that day. She said she had go