汉语与英语比较修正版.ppt

* 07/16/96 * ## * 07/16/96 * ## * 07/16/96 * ## * 07/16/96 * ## * 07/16/96 * ## * 07/16/96 * ## * 07/16/96 * ## * 07/16/96 * ## 2、史密斯先生双目失明。 Mr Smith’s eyes are blind. (F) Mr Smith is blind in both eyes. ( T )  三、汉语中的一些句子以生物即人作主语，但受表语形容词的制约，在英语中不可以人为主语。如： 1、你方便的话，请在六点钟来。 Please come at six if you are convenient. (F) Please come at six if it is convenient to you. (T)  2、你很难说服他不去逛街。 You are difficult to persuade him out of going shopping. ( F ) It is difficult for you to persuade him out of going shopping. ( T ) 但是我们可以说：English is difficult to learn for some people. 四、汉语中有大量的无谓语动词句子，但英语是一种以动词为中心的语言，每个句子几乎都少不了谓语动词（省略句除外）。如：  1、这本书值得一读。 The book worth reading. ( F ) The book is worth reading. (T )  2、我父母每天都很忙。 My parents very busy every day. ( F ) My parents are very busy every day. ( T )  五、汉语中及物动词与不及物动词、状态动词与动作动词的差别不大，界限不明，但在英语 中却有严格区别和固定的用法模式。如： 1、他与她结婚了。 He married with her. (with 是多余的)  2、凡是党和人民所要求的，我一定做到。 I’ll do what the Party and the people require me. ( 译句中require 后须加 of。require sth. of sb.)  3、我开始学英语到现在已有十年了。 I have begun to learn English for ten years. (F) It has been ten years since I began to learn English. (T) 为什么前一句错误而后一句正确？ 4、这本杂志我可以借多久？ How long can I borrow this magazine? (F) How long can I keep this magazine? (T) (borrow 是一个表示瞬间短暂行为的动作动词，当然不能与how long 连用。)  5、父亲直到半夜才睡觉。 Father went to bed until midnight. (F) Father didn’t go to bed until midnight. Or: Father stayed up until midnight. (T)  六、在汉语中，词形没有变化；在英语中却有丰富的词形变化。如： 医生建议他每天喝两杯牛奶。 The doctor suggest that he drinks two glass of milk every day. (F) The doctor suggests that he (should) drink two glasses of milk every day. (T)  英语中名、形、副、动、数词等均有词形变化，其中以动词的形式变化最多，看下例： 1、西瓜切成了八等份。 The watermelon divides into eight equal shares. (F) The watermelon is divided into eight equal shares. (T)  2、从这一角度看，情况似乎没那么令人失望。 Looking at in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so disappointing. (F) Looked at in this way, the situation doesn’t s