英汉翻译英汉词义对比与选词.ppt

Lecture Three Contrast of Lexical Meaning between English and Chinese, and Diction (Choice of Words) 英汉词义对比与英译汉 Caesar was right. Thin people need watching. I’ve been watching them for most of my adult life, and I don’t like what I see. When these narrow fellows spring at me, I quiver to my toes. Thin people come in all personalities, most of them menacing. You’ve got your “together” thin person, your mechanical thin person, your condescending thin person, your tsk-tsk thin person, your efficiency-expert thin person. All of them are dangerous. 恺撒大帝说的一点不错。瘦人的确需要好好得观察。我成年后的大半辈子都在仔细得观察着他们，结果是，我实在不怎么喜欢我所看到的。当这些瘦瘦的家伙蹦跳着朝我过来，我便浑身颤栗。这些人儿性格各异，大多为阴险狡诈之徒。你会遇见诸如精明的瘦人，呆板机械的瘦人，谦逊的瘦人，啧啧挑剔的瘦人亦或是效率专家般的瘦人。不过，这些瘦人都是危险人物。 Caesar was right. Thin people need watching. I’ve been watching them for most of my adult life, and I don’t like what I see. When these narrow fellows spring at me, I quiver to my toes. Thin people come in all personalities, most of them menacing. You’ve got your “together” thin person, your mechanical thin person, your condescending thin person, your tsk-tsk thin person, your efficiency-expert thin person. All of them are dangerous. 正如凯撒所说，对于虚情假意的人，我们需要付出更多的观察。在过去的日子里我一直在关注他们，但是我并不喜欢我所看到的 一切。当那些狭隘的家伙接近我，我甚至连脚趾都在颤抖。虚情假意的人拥有很多的性格特点，但相当大的一部分都是具有威胁性的。那些如机械般的、优越感极强的、精明的和最有效率的家伙其实都在你的周围，而且他们都是危险的。 I. Contrast in Vocabulary 1. Contrast in Meaning（词义对比） A. reflective（反映式） Reflecting the ideas of both materials and non-materials.Examples: Articles;foods; clothing;mountains and rivers,and geography,social morality; psychology; ethics, etc. B. refractive（折射式） indirect reflection of objects e.g. bird C. integrative（整合式） combination of the meaning of two words. E.g. flexitime” （弹性工作制，始于英国） 铁饭碗 （a secured job） Degrees of Equivalence in Word Meaning a. equivalence（对应关系） Mainly including proper nouns, terminology and some names or titles in daily life. Examples: The U.S. State Department 美国国务院 Computational linguistics 计算语言学 The Pac