英语动词定语从句.ppt

I have a lovely dog. My dog is lovely. I have a nice car. My car is nice. The boy needs a ball pen. The two boys are students There is nothing to do today The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours. The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother. 充当定语的有：主要由形容词担任。此外，名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短语）、分词和定语从句等都可用作定语。 一、 定语从句关系代词的辨认与使用 思考步骤： （1）找出先行词 a.确定关系代词的人称、数和性 b.确定从句位置（一般在先行词之后） （2）确定关系代词在从句中所担任的成分 以确定关系代词的格 （3）确定从句时态 Do you know the boy my mother is talking to? who（whom） who代人，在从句担任主语，也可代替在从句中做宾语的whom，前面不能有介词。如有介词则必用whom（结构：介词+whom）。 例如：The girl who is standing there is Mary. She is the girl who/whom I met that day. The doctor to whom she sent her frirend is very famous. 关系代词的省略 1. 条件：只在限定性定语从句中可省略。 2. 情况： a.关系代词在从句中担任动词宾语时 b.在从句中做介词的宾语，且介词在句尾 例如：Here is the man that you have been looking for. c.关系代词在从句中做表语时 例如：Shanghai is no longer the city which it used to be. d.在there be句型中，先行词是way时，关系代词省略。 例：I don’t like the way (that)you talk to me. 三、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的 作用： （1）在定语从句中替代先行词 （2）在从句中担任状语成分，起副词和介词短语的作用 （3）起连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的主从复合句 关系副词：where/when/why. 各关系副词的用法： where的用法： 表……的地方，修饰场所、方位名词。 This is the house. I was born in the house. =This is the house where I was born. 先行词 关系副词 =This is the house which I was born in. =This is the house in which I was born. 注：关系副词可等于”介词+关系副词“ 2. when的用法： 表……的时候，修饰日子年代等名词。 We will never forget the day when join the party. 3. why的用法： 表……的原因，……的理由。 The reason why I called is to invite you to a party. 注：区分与关系代词的区别，只要在定语从句中担任状语的，就是关系副词。 四、介词+关系代词 1. 当介词放在关系代词前时，介词宾语只能用which代物，whom代人。且关系代词一律不能省略。 例如：I want to find the pen with which I wrote that letter. 2.介词在末尾时，可用that/which（代物），that/whom/who（代人）做介词的宾语，切这个介词宾语的关系代词往往省略。 例如：The man whom/who/that/可省 he wants to see is in Shanghai. 注意事项 1