英语句子成分(简).ppt

英语句子成分分析 主要成分 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 主语 主语 (Subject) 是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 English is very important. They go to school by bus. Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. It is very hard to get to sleep. There is a tree. ______ ____ ___________________ ___________ ______ 谓语 谓语 (Verb) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock. 2、复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词 + 动词原形或 系表结构组成。如： You may keep the book for two weeks. He is a student. 注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。 She is an teacher. He looks unhappy. She likes playing volleyball. He went to the beach last Sunday. My father arrived yesterday. I can play the piano. ____________ ____________ ____ ____ ______ _______ 表语 ※说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等 ※由连系动词+ 1. 名词 2. 形容词 3. 动名词/不定式 4. 介词短语 构成表语 My favorite color is red. This is my father. The noodles taste delicious. That sounds like a good idea. __ ______ _______ _________ 宾语 动作行为的对象。 名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子均可做宾语。 注意动词的宾语： Want, plan, expect等词后跟不定式做宾语 Enjoy, mind, practice等跟动名词做宾语 Try, stop, forget, like等候可跟不定式和动名词做宾语 I have two pen friends. Call him. Stop talking. Stop to listen to the music. I think sitcoms are enjoyable. ______________ ___ _____ __________________ _____________________ 宾语补足语 英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语（Object Complement），才能使句子的意义完整。 带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make + 宾语+ 宾补）。 宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。 She always makes me laugh. Keep the classroom clean. My mother wants me to drink milk every day. Give an apple to him. I saw him playing soccer at 4:00 yesterday. _____宾补 _____宾补 ____________ 宾补 _____宾补 _____________ 宾补 定语 句子的次要成分 对名词或代词进行修饰或限制 可前置也可后置 可作定语的成分有： 形容词性物主代词、形容词、数词、句子（定语从句）、动名词、 现在/过去分词 做后置定语 He has two useful books. This is my pen. Di