英语句子成分及五种简单句.ppt

基本句型 三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等 Ｓ │Ｖ（及物动词）│ Ｏ 1. Who │knows │the answer? 谁知道答案？ 2. She │smiled │her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。 3. He │has refused │to help them. 他拒绝帮他们。 4. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书。 5. They │ate │what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。 6. He │said │Good morning. 他说：早上好！ 7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。 8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。 一、 定语：汉语中常用‘……的’表示。通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。 形容词作定语： The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.）/小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。 Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩。 数词作定语相当于形容词： Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔。 There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩。 代词或名词所有格作定语： His boy needs Tom\s pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。 His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆。 介词短语作定语： The boy in blue is Tom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。 There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的，三个10岁的男孩。 名词作定语： There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。 副词作定语： The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。 不定式作定语： There is nothing to do today./今天无事要做。 分词（短语）作定语： The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。 There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩。 定语从句： The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。 有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义，应注意. 如：The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩（此时in the classroom为girl的定语）; 也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’（此时in the classroom为地点状语），最好写做： In the classroom, the boy calls the girl. 副词（短语）作状语： The boy needs a pen very much./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。（程度状语） The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。（宾语较长则状语前置） The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。（程度状语） The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。（时间状语） 介词短语作状语：In the classroom,the boy needs a pen./在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地点状语） Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语) 分词（短语）作状语： He sits there,asking f