英语句法成分.ppt

My job is collecting stamps . ( What is your job ? ) The book is interesting . ( How is the book ? ) 3)现在分词作表语与现在进行时的区别: 现在分词作表语表示某物(人)是怎么样的;而现在进行时则表示某人正在做某事. 例如: The film is moving . ( 这部电影很动人.) The children are moving the big table . (孩子们正挪动那长大桌子.) 掌握定语有两个值得注意的问题： 一、动名词与现在分词的区别 ，动名词作定语可以理解为... for v-ing , 如： a swimming pool = a pool for swimming ; 而现在分词作定语可以理解为：... that is v-ing 如：an interesting story = a story that is interesting 二、复合形容词作定语，如: a three-storey-high building ( 一幢三层高的楼房） 复合形容词中的名词为单数，一定要加连字符。 又如：a one-mile-wide river (一条一英里宽的河流) 第七节 补足语 补足语是用来对宾语进行补充说明的成分。补足语分为 主语补足语和宾语补足语，当谓语动词变为被动语态时宾 语补足语就成了主语补足语了。例如： He asked me to open the book . ( 宾语补足语) I was asked to open the book . ( 主语补足语) 应当注意的是：宾语与补足语之间的关系是逻辑主谓关 系， 这是判断补足语的 重要方法。 They made him do the work . ( him 与 do 是主谓关系 ， him 是do 执行者）。 作补足语的有：形容词、名词、 副词、不定式、现在分词、 过去分词等。 例如： 1. I found the classroom empty . 2. We elected him monitor . 3. Please call the students back at once . 4. We told him to come here early . 5. I found him lying in bed . 6. I heard it spoken of in the next room . ( 形容词） ( 名词） ( 副词） ( 动词不定式） ( 现在分词） ( 过去分词） 不定式作补足语有时可省不定式符号，这种情况取决于 谓语动词，这样的谓语动词有： make , let , have , hear , see , watch , feel , observe , notice 例如: He made me work all day . 他迫使我整天干活。 并不是所有的动词都能跟现在分词作补足语。 能跟现在分词作补足语的动词有： see, watch , feel , hear , notice , observe , keep , find 例如: The old woman had the lights burning all night long . 老妇人让灯点了一整夜 注意 练习题 I.指出下列句中补足语并注意变化形式 1.At the meeting we made him monitor . 2. What you said made Xiao Wang angry . 3. We heard him singing in the hall . 4.I found the classroom empty . 5. Please let the student in at once. 6. I cant have you say so . 7.He is asked to sing us a song . 8.Yesterday I had my hair cut. 名词 形容词 现在分词短语 形容词 副词 不带to 的不定式 带to 的不定式 过去分词 II.用所给词的适当形式填空 R