被动语态的应用.ppt

科目一考试 科目一模拟考试 仿真考试 必威体育精装版试题 * 语态 考点一 被动语态的应用 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语的关系。当主语是动作的执行者时用主动语态（某人做某事）；当主语是动作的承受者时，用被动语态（某事被某人做）。 一、各种时态的被动语态 被动语态由“主语+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，助动词有时态、人称和数的变化。 The machine was being painted then. 那时那台机器正在上油漆。 过去进行时： 主语+was/were +being+过去分词 The car is being repaired. 这辆汽车正在修理中。 现在进行时： 主语+am/is/are +being+过去分词 The sports meeting will be held tomorrow. 运动会明天举行。 一般将来时： 主语+shall/will+be+过去分词 Our school was built in 1998. 我们的学校在1998年建造。 一般过去时： 主语+was/were+过去分词 The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天都打扫。 一般现在时： 主语+am/is/are+过去分词 例句 结构 考点二 被动语态的几种特殊形式 1. 主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。例如： We saw an alien get out of the UFO. → An alien was seen to get out of the UFO. 【温馨提示】 后接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态时，宾补部分不变。 对比：We heard Jim playing the guitar in his room. → Jim was heard playing the guitar in his room. 科目二考试 学车驾考科目二 技巧 视频 资料 Listening 2. 谓语动词后接双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）时， （1）把间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。例如： He gave me a new book. ↓ ↓ 间接宾语 直接宾语 →I was given a new book by him. (2)把直接宾语变主语，间接宾语不变。例如： He gave me a new book. ↓ ↓ 间接宾语 直接宾语 →A new book was given to me by him. 3. 句中谓语是动词短语时，变为被动语态时要注意其 完整性。 Jack turned on the TV just now. →The TV was turned on by Jack just now. 4. 带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只须把宾语变为被动语态的主语，而宾语补足语仍保留在原处，作主语补足语。例如： Our teacher told us to clean the classroom at once. →We were told to clean the classroom at once by our teacher. 5. 主动表被动 (1) feel, look, sound, smell, taste等系动词的主动语态表示被动含义。例如： The dishes smell so delicious. 菜闻起来真香。 Your idea sounds better. 你的主意听起来更好。 (2)有些动词，如sell, cut, drive, wash, clean, write, open, lock等，作为不及物动词时可以用主动语态表示被动含义。例如： Books of Harry Potter sell well. 《哈利·波特》系列的书很畅销。 My pen writes smoothly. 我的钢笔写起字来很流畅。 (3) sth. need/ want/ require doing相当于 sth. need/ want/ require to be done (不定式的被动结构)。例如： Your room needs cleaning. = Your room needs to be cleaned. 你的房间需要打扫了。 (4) be worth doing(值得做) 中的doing表示被动含义