林肯和美国内战英语版.ppt

Movies 《乱世佳人》Gone with the Wind 　　 《冷山》Cold Mountain 　　　　 《盖茨堡之役》Battle of Gettysburg 　　 《光荣战役》 Glory 　　 《南北军魂》The Blue And The Gray 　　 《与魔鬼共骑》Ride with the Devil 　　 《众神与将军》Gods and Generals (2003)  这两位既是美国内战时期的两位伟大的将军，又是两位绅士， 他们是真诚的朋友，又是高尚的敌人；他们都是战争中的天才，一个体现了失败者的高贵和尊严，一个体现了胜利者的道德和仁慈。 罗伯特·李Robert E. Lees(line 36) served as an officer in the US army and then as Commander-in-Chief of Confederate forces 尤里西斯·格兰特Ulysses S. Grant(line 50) General of the Army of the United States Famous Generals 当内战爆发后，格兰特被作为预备役征兆入伍并被授予了上校军衔.到了1861年9月，格兰特被迅速提拔为准将。他的首次重要战斗是对密苏里州贝尔蒙南军的突袭。格兰特第一个大的胜利，来自他对亨利要塞（Fort Henry）和道格拉斯要塞（Fort Donelson）围攻的成功，在1862年2月他先后攻下了这两个在密西西比流域的重要据点。在围攻期间，南军曾按当时战争惯例提出过短时间休战的要求，而格兰特却回答道： “No terms except an unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted. ” 格兰特就此第一次在内战中提出了“无条件投降”的说法，这个名词开始贯穿他之后的战争中的所有行为。 Personally, Lee is a complete humanitarian.Though he is a soldier whose career is killing people, Lee felt guilty for himself as a soldier. To the slavery , he had the same opinion. Based on his moral concepts,he combated slavery. According to the words said by himself, slavery is “A moral and political evil” and “A greater evil to the white”. Lee had a unique perspective to the relationship between the central government and local issues. He wrote in his diary that,America should be a unity, there is no so-called north, south, east or west. 就李个人而言，他是个彻底的人道主义者，虽然他是个以杀戮为职业的军人，李终其一生都很为自己作为军人而觉得内疚。对于奴隶制度，他的看法同样如此，基于自己的道德理念，历来反对蓄奴。按李自己的话来说蓄奴制度是一种“道德和政治上罪恶”（A moral and political evil），“白人的一项巨大罪恶”（A greater evil to the white）。李对于中央政府和地方的关系上的问题，他同样是有着很独特的看法。他曾在自己的日记中写到“美国应该是一个团结的整体，没有什么所谓的北方，南方，西部又或是东部。” Relative to Lee’s command capability , maybe his noble character makes people miss him more. Today, he is still the most admired soldier throughout the United States. Every year his birthday was defined as the legal anniversary in every southern states. The primary schools, secondary schools and universities he named are around