英汉翻译之语言风w格的传译.ppt

英汉翻译之 语言风格的传译 语言除传递某种意义外，还具有一定的风格特征，或简或繁，或雅或俗，或庄或谐，或平铺直叙，或委婉曲折。因风格不同，给读者带来的感受就不同。 翻译追求译文读者与原文读者有相同或相似的感受，所以译者应以庄译庄，以谐译谐，应在译文中再现原文的语言风格。 译者在翻译前需对英文原文的语言风格进行解码。一般说来，译者可以从词汇、句法和修辞手法三个层面来分析英文原文语言使用上的特征。 一，词汇标记： 英语词汇有两个主要来源：一是英语本族词汇，即古英语盎格鲁撒克逊词,如house, red, fire, green, make, talk等；一是外来词，如residence, conflagration, scarlet, verdant, manufacture。英语外来词主要来自法语，即11世纪日耳曼人征服英国时所操的法语词汇；其次是拉丁词和希腊词，即文艺复兴时期英国学者作家为了表达新的思想而借用的拉丁词和希腊词。盎格鲁撒克逊词最为短小朴实，构成日常非正式交谈和一般写作的主要成分。法语词文雅华丽，大都用于较为正式的语体语言；拉丁词和希腊词抽象冷僻，主要用于学术、政论等极为正式的场合。 “I wanted to go off to another town, but then everyone got busy matchmaking and they were after me so they nearly tore my coat tail off. They talked at me and talked until I got water on the ear. She was no chaste maiden, but they told me she was a virgin pure.” 原文出自美国犹太作家辛格的短篇小说《傻瓜吉姆佩尔》。小说的主人公吉姆佩尔是个近乎文盲的孤儿，上述引文即出自吉姆佩尔之口。 鄙人意欲远走他乡。然而，此时人人皆忙于为在下做媒，在下所到之处，红娘紧随其后，形影不离，几乎将在下之燕尾扯下。他们滔滔不绝，口若悬河，致使在下双耳嗡鸣。此女即非大家闺秀，亦非小家碧玉，本无贞操可言。然而，他们却称此女乃圣洁之贞女也。 My old friend Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down to the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer it rained continuously and it was often bitterly cold. 哈里逊是我的旧友，侨居地中海多年，近返英国。他早已梦想在英国本土退休，迁往乡间定居。归国伊始，便买下一栋清雅的别墅。可是刚一住下，就抱怨起英国的天气来；原来虽说当时炎暑未尽，但阴雨连绵，寒冷彻骨。 “he has been in his room all day,” the landlady said downstairs. “I guess he don’t feel well. I said to him ‘Mr Anderson, you ought to go out and take a walk on nice fall like this,’ but he didn’t feel like it.” “他整日在房间里，”房东太太在楼下说。“我估计他感到不适。我对他说：‘安德森先生，你理应出去散步，这样的大好秋光是很宜于散步的，可他就是不想出去。” Some public officials make nice to politicians they cannot stand because they need their good will. 有些当官的对那些他们吃不消的政客不得不哄着、拍着，因为这些人得罪不得。 Studies s