英语语法+牛津英语初中语法大全(十).docx

美联英语提供：牛津英语初中语法大全10关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里/test/quwen.aspx?tid=16-73675-0他们俩都是医生。语法分析：属于限制性同位语。(2)They none of them said nothing.他们谁也没有说什么。语法分析：代词作同位语。(3)You two sit here.你们两个人坐这里。语法分析：数词作同位语。(4)People,old and young,came out to greet the distinguished vistors.老老少少的人们都出来迎接贵宾。语法分析：形容词作同位语。(5)Formerly a worker himself,he is now an engineer.过去他是工人，现在是工程师了。语法分析：有些同位语的结构很复杂，带有一个副词或介词，如果主语比较短时，这类同位语可以提前，来给它以突出的位置。(6)There was no doubt that she was a fine scholar.毫无疑问，她是个优秀的学者。语法分析：有不少名词后可以跟that引导的从句，说明其内容，可以称为同位语从句。巩固练习(1)The theory ______ [it] is all right.(2)We ______ put torward a proposal.(3)He seemed different from us ______.(4)The rumour spread ______ a new school would be built here.(5)I have no idea ______ she left.参考答案(1)itself? (2)each? (3)all? (4)that? (5)why83.非限制性定语从句例句The plane,which is usually very punctual,was late today.这班飞机通常很准时，不过今天却晚点了。语法分析这个句子为典型的非限制性定语从句。可以看出这类从句对所修饰的都有词没有限制词义的作用，只是一些补充性的说明，而且通常都有逗号把它和句子的其他部分隔开，多译成一个并列句。把从句拿掉以后，对句子的剩下部分没有太大的影响。我们把which is usually very punctual拿掉以后，句子就变成了The plane was late today.意思仍很完整，合乎语法。需要留意的是，在这类从句中不可用关系代词that和关系副词why，也不可以把其他的关系副词给省略掉，此类从句多用于书面语中。触类旁通(1)Tom,who had been driving all night,suggested stopping at the next town.汤姆开了一夜的车，建议在下一个镇子上停下来。语法分析：简单、合乎规范的句子。(2)The buses,most of which were already full,were surrounded by old men.公共汽车大部分都已载满了乘客，周围是一群老人。语法分析：在非限制性定语从句中，which和whom常可以与of或其他介词连用。(3)I drank beer,which made me fat.我喝啤酒，这使我的身体发胖了。语法分析：which不代表一个名词，而代表了前面句子的全部或者部分意思。(4)Such money as he earned was spent on his girl friend.他挣的那点钱都花在了他女朋友身上。语法分析：as用作关系代词，引导定语从句，主要和such连用，也可单独引导一个从句。(5)Surely there isnt a teacher but faces this problem.可以确定，凡是老师都会面临这个问题。语法分析：but作为关系代词引导定语从句。(6)Ive set a plan whereby you can spread the cost over a period.我定了一个办法，你可以照此分期付款。语法分析：whereby引导一个定语从句，其意思等于by which，类似用法还有wherein和whereupon等。巩固练习(1)She returned with _____ provisions _____ were needed.(2)He hoped to give me a chance _____ nobody else ever had.(3)There is no tree _____ bears some fruits.(4)This is Mr.Smith,_____ I was working,wa