结节病CT典型和不典型型表现.ppt

Pulmonary Sarcoidosis: Typical and Atypical Manifestations at High- Resolution CT with Pathologic Correlation ;Organ Lung Pleura Lymph Nodes Skin Eye Nasal Mucosa（鼻粘膜） Larynx（喉） Bone Marrow Spleen Liver ;Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder that is characterized by noncaseous epithelioid cell granulomas, which may affect almost any organ. 结节病是一种以非干酪样坏死的上皮细胞肉芽肿为特点的多系统疾病，几乎可以累及所有器官。 ; Sarcoidosis of the lung is primarily an interstitial lung disease in which the inflammatory process involves the alveoli, small bronchi, and small blood vessels. ; Atypical features 1 Lymphadenopathy: unilateral, isolated, anterior and posterior mediastinal 2 Airspace consolidation: masslike opacities, conglomerate masses, solitary pulmonary nodules, confluent alveolar opacities (alveolar sarcoid pattern) 3 Ground-glass opacities 4 Linear opacities: interlobular septal thickening, intralobular linear opacities ; 6 Miliary opacities 粟粒样改变 7 Airway involvement: mosaic attenuation pattern, tracheobronchial abnormalities, atelectasis 气道累及：马赛克改变，气管支气管异常，肺不张 8 Pleural disease: effusion, chylothorax, hemothorax, pneumothorax, pleural thickening, calcification Pleural plaquelike opacities 9 Mycetoma, aspergilloma 霉菌球 ;During the past decade, advances have been made in the study of sarcoidosis The Mycobacterium tuberculosis catalase-peroxidase (mKatG) protein, a potential antigen, has been identified, 结核分枝杆菌过氧化氢酶过氧化物酶（mkatg）蛋白，作为一个潜在的抗原已被确定。 PET scanning has proven valuable in locating occult sites for diagnostic biopsy. PET扫描已被证明在定位活检诊断隐匿性病灶的价值 Endobronchial ultrasound- guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) of mediastinal lymph nodes has facilitated diagnosis, often eliminating the need for more-invasive procedures, such as mediastinoscopy. 支气管内超声引导下经支气管针吸活检（EBUS-TBNA）的 纵隔淋巴结有利于诊断，往往避免更具侵袭性的操作，如纵隔镜。 ;Pathologic Correlation 相关病理