新托福口语.ppt

新托福口语 1．2 新托福口语考试解题方法 ETS对托福口语高分的总描述(Claims)和三个方面的基本 要求： Your responses with be scored holistically. 考生评分遵循整体性原则。 整体性原则指的是ETS的评分人员会根据考生整体对问题的回答质量综合给出分数。 判定考生语言质量高低的三个依据： Delivery(逻辑) Language Use(语言质量) Development(线性因果思维)。 Delivery：How clear your speech is。Good responses are those in which the speech is fluid and clear，With good pronunciation，natural pacing。and natural． sounding intonation patterns。 解读：高分的几个关键词：clear，fluid，good pronunciation，natural pacing，natural—sounding intonation． Clear的意思是逻辑清晰。 因果线性逻辑 Claims+ Warrants +Evidences + Conclusion 例 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Cell phones can improve our lives greatly．Use specific reasons to support your answer. 一个条理清晰的回答是这样的： 第一步：点出树根(Claims) Many people firmly believe that cell phones bring great improvement to their lives．However，I completely disagree with this view．(不同意) 第二步：拉出树干(Warrants) The reason is that with a cell phone，anyone can find you at any place andyour time doesn’t belong to you． 第三步：给出枝叶(Evidences) For example，it happens almost every time that phone calls draw me back to work when I finally get myself some leisure time for reading or having tea with family，or having a short trip or doing yoga． 第四步：结尾(Conclusion) So，obviously it is not an improvement of life quality． Fluid的意思是句子和句子之间有清晰的逻辑词或者暗含的逻辑关系。 不能结巴 不能大于3秒停顿 句子间时间间隔不能太长 填充词 You know，I mean，Anyway，Whatever，So，My point is，Like，Such as Good Pronunciation的意思是发音准确。 新托福官方指南(OG)的评分标准(Rubric)中对可以达到4分的回答的发音要求是：Include minor difficulties with pronunciation，换言之，它并没有要求非英语母语国家的考生的发音和Native Speaker一样，但是要求考生的发音没有明显错误，不至于让人在听的时候产生误解或者接受错误的信息。 Natural Pacing的意思是语速自然。 在新托福口语考试中，第一个和第二个Task的45秒回答时间里，考生最起码说够90词左右；在第三至第六个Task中，考生最起码说够120词才能让60秒的回答时间显得基本充分得到利用，这要求考生的语速适中略偏快、匀速。 分段练习法 例 The students letter complains about the schools new construction on a new，call—female dorm because it wastes money and there are rooms available in all—male halls．The letter also suggests the school keeping up with the times．The woman a