大学英语四级阅读理解每日一练五.pdf

新东方英语四级：/kcnet1820/ 四级qq群：238407043 文化背景对商业运作的影响 Cultureisoneofthemostchallengingelementsoftheinternationalmarketplace. 『This systemoflearnedbehaviorpatternscharacteristic ofthemembersof agiven society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions.』① To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience. Themostcomplicatedproblemsindealingwiththeculturalenvironmentstemfrom the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that businessisbusinesstheworldaround,followingthemodelofPepsiandMcDonald’s. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging. The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance orrejection. The major challengeto the international manageristo make surethat rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness. Fortune examinedtheinternationalperformance of a dozen largecompanies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operationscarefully byfollowing the most basic businessprinciples.Theseprinciplesaretoknowyouradversary,knowyouraudience, and know your customer. 1. According to the passage, which of the following is true? A. All international managers can learn culture. B. Business dive