2013语法填空技巧与方法.ppt

(3)作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，是被动关系，用过去分词。如： [例24] He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” (2008年东莞一模) [例25] The headmaster went into the lab, ________ (follow) by the foreign guests. 解析：句中已有谓语saw，所给动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词；又因He与say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语。 解析：句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语。 (4)不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用—ing形式，是被动关系用—ed形式。如： [例26] There will be a meeting, __40__ (start) later this year to review the film. (2008年广州二模) [例27] Lessons 39 (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. (广东考试说明) 解析：因a meeting与start是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语，补充说明a meeting，故填starting。 解析：因句中已有谓语can help，所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，故填learned。 (3)、词类转换题的解题技巧 根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有： 技巧10：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。 [例28] The youngster immediately fell ________ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes. 解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。 [例29] In a ________ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to… [例30] Teachers must try their best to make most of their students ________ (interest) in the subject 解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填dangerous。 解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语，用形容词；表示“感兴趣的”，填interested。 技巧11：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。如： [例31] When China’s ancient scientific and technological ________ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions. 解析：在时间状语从句中，要求填的词作主语，China’s ancient scientific and technological是主语的定语；作主语要用名词，又由are可知，主语是复数，故填achievements。 [例32] These people have made great ___39 (contribute) to China with their work. (2007年茂名二模) [例33] …instructors expect students to be familiar with ___32___ (inform) in the reading… (2008年三校联考) 解析：在句中作及物动词have made的宾语，要用名词形式；表示“作贡献”，其前面没有不定冠词时，习惯上用复数，故填contributions。 解析：因with是介词，在介词后作宾语，要用名词，故填information。 技巧12：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。如： [例34] …the remains date from this period because of their __38__ (similar) to those found elsewhe