02-语法专题突破16讲(二)主谓一致.pptVIP

英语中的主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。当这三个原则发生冲突时，优先考虑意义一致原则。 (2010·陕西高考)It is reported that many a new house ________ at present in the disaster area. A．are being built　　　　B．were being built C．was being built D．is being built 解析：此题考查语态和主谓一致。many a＋单数可数名词作主语，谓语用单数，根据at present可知，时态为现在时。所以答案为D。 答案：D 1．more than one...，many a ...作主语 more than one ...，many a ...作主语，意义上表示是复数，但其中心词为单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 More than one road is being repaired. 正在修的道路不止一条。 Many a student wants to reduce homework. 许多学生要求减少家庭作业。 2．不定式、 v．-ing 形式及从句作主语 不定式、 v．-ing 形式或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。但 and 连接的不定式、v.-ing 作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。 To say something is usually easier than to do something. 说往往要比做容易。 Swimming in summer and skating in winter are my greatest pleasure.夏天游泳和冬天滑冰是我最大的乐趣。 [注意]　what 引导的主语从句作主语，谓语根据主语意义而定。 What we need are experienced workers. 我们需要的是有经验的工人。 3．不定代词或由不定代词修饰的名词作主语 不定代词或由不定代词(both，few，several，many，all 除外)修饰的名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。each，every，no所修饰的名词即使以and连接，谓语动词仍用单数形式。 Nothing has been done to prevent the river from being polluted.没有采取措施来阻止这条河流受污染。 In our country，every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在我们国家，男孩和女孩都有受教育的权利。 [注意]　both，few，many，several 或其修饰的名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。all 作主语，指可数名词，谓语用复数；指抽象概念或不可数名词，谓语用单数。 5．主语后带有with...，as well as ...等短语时 主语后带有with，together with，as well as，no less than， along with，like，rather than，but，except，including，in addition to 等短语时，谓语动词不受这些短语的影响，仍然与主语保持一致。 Henry，rather than Jane and John，is responsible for the loss.损失的责任应由亨利而不是简和约翰来承担。 The mother along with her two children goes to the park every weekend. 母亲与她的两个孩子每个周末都要去公园。 6．分数后的名词作主语时，其谓语动词的数依名词的数 而定 Two thirds of the students in our class are girls. 我班三分之二的学生是女生。 (2010·四川高考)Such poets as Shakespeare ________ widely read，of whose works，however，some ________ difficult to understand. A．are；are　　　　　　 B．is；is C．are；is D．is；are 解析：考查主谓一致。第一空格poets为主语，第二空格some(works)为主语，谓语动词都应该用复数。 答案：A 1．and，both...and 连接的并列成分作主语 and，both...and连接的并列成分作主语，谓语动词一般用复数；但并列成分如果指的是同一个人、物或概念，谓语动词用单数形式。这时 and 后面的名词没有