Unit3词语选择、引申及褒贬.ppt

Unit 3 词语选择、引申及褒贬 The Extended and Affactive Meaning of Words “Good” 与“好的” Yet, as it sometimes happens that a person departs his life, who is really deserving of the praises the stonecutter carves over his bones; who is a good Christian, a good parent, a good child, a good wife or a good husband; who actually does have a disconsolate family to mourn his loss. --------------(W.M. Thackeray,Vanity Fair) 不过偶尔也有几个死人当得起石匠刻在他们朽骨上的好话，真的是虔诚的教徒，慈爱的父母，孝顺的儿女，贤良的妻子，尽职的丈夫，他们家里的人也的确哀思绵绵地追悼他们 -----（W.M.萨克雷《名利场》，杨必译 Diction means the proper choice of words and phrases in translation on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original. A noted linguist said, “the meaning of a word is its use in the language and each word, when used in a new context, is a new word. Story 1) The play is really a love story. 2) This war is becoming the most important story of this generation. 3) Some reporters who were not included in the meeting broke the story. 4) The story about him became smaller and by and by faded out from the American TV. 5) Don’t tell stories again, Tom. I don’t believe your stories. 6) It is quite another story now. (故事，事件，内情，报道，谎言，情况） A word in different collocations or context. Example: Like charges repel; unlike charges attract. 相同的电荷相斥，不同的电荷相吸。 He likes mathematics more than English. 他喜欢数学胜于喜欢英语。 Like knows like.英雄识英雄。 The two pictures are very like. Like attracts like. 物以类聚。 Like cures like.以毒攻毒。 Like for like. 以牙还牙。 1. Correspondence at word level ?(1)?? word-for-word correspondence eg. Marxism 马克思主义 激光 laser aspirin 阿斯匹林 (2)?? one---multiple equivalents of the same meaning wife: 妻子，爱人，夫人，老婆，老伴，媳妇，堂客，内人，贱内 potato: 马铃薯，洋芋，土豆、山药蛋 人： human being, man, people, person,--- 犬： dog, hound, pointer (猎犬) , puppy 3） one word----several equivalents of different meanings cousin: 堂兄，堂弟，表姐，表妹，堂姐，堂妹--- president： 总统，总裁，主席，董事长，会长，校长，院长，--- carry, 搬，运，提，拎，挑，担，搂，抱，举，端，夹--- 笑： smile, giggle(傻笑), laugh, ridicule, d