2016届高三英语专题定语从句学案剖析.doc

2016届高三英语语法专题定语从句导学案 一．定语从句的概念 Green team（绿队）→Team in green（绿队）→The team who wear in green.(穿绿衣服的队伍) ↓ ↓ ↓ 形容词 介词短语 从句（即为定语从句） ①定语从句的定义 ②先行词③关系词的三个作用 二．定语的型类 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号和主句隔开，是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确，翻译成先行词的定语，“……的……”。 非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，通常翻译成主句的并列句。关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。 The water which has been polluted by the factory is not fit to drink. 被工厂污染的水不宜饮用（如果缺少定语从句，句子的主要意思会受到影响）Water, which is a clear liquid, is widely used in our everyday life. 水是一种清澈的液体，在我们的日常生活中应用非常广泛。 （如果缺少定语从句，句子的意不会受到影响）表格 指代 在从句中充当 是否可以省略 who 人 主语 否 whom whose that which as 关系副词 指代 在从句中充当 是否可以省略 When Why 在以上关系代词中有一个万能词：That→他一到定语从句时先行词既可以是人也可以是物。 ????? 领悟体会：The number of people who / that lost homes reached as many as 250,000. 1.首先分清主句和定语从句 2.确定定语从句的先行词 3.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语 或状语） 4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关 系副词。 ［考点1］关系代词的选择 由who,whom,whose引导的定语从句 关系代词who用作 ，用于指代 ，在口语或非正式用法中作 宾语。 This is the man who helped me. Is Sheba the dog who was run over and nearly killed last year? b)由whom引导的定语从句 关系代词whom用作 ，用于指代 。 The man whom I saw yesterday is called Smith. Jack,with whom I have excellent relations,always gives me good advice.c)由whose引导的定语从句 关系代词wh，。 Do you know the man whose name is Lihua? Do you see the house whose windows are all broken? d)由which引导的定语从句 基本用法： which在从句中作 主，宾，表，定 。 1. The book which was on the desk was bought by my father.（主语） 2. The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.（宾语） 3. The factory in which his father works is far from here. 4. He was proud, which his brother never was. （表语） 5. Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.（定语） )由as引导的定语从句 关系代词as既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，as在从句作主、宾、表语。 That was such terrible weather as destroyed our whole trip plan。 He is not the same man as