军校考试大纲《英语》考点—句子成分(三).pdf

军校考试大纲 《英语》考点—句子成分(三) 关键词：军校考试 张为臻 军考培训 军考大纲 军考英语考点 士兵军考 状语 1.说明事物发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，结果方式，条 件或伴随情况，程度等情况的词叫状语。 2.状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、 条件、让步、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。 3、状语一般由副词、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语、 分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语或从句来担 当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中，修饰动词、 形容词、副词等 A、副词一般在句子中做状语. He speaks English very well. 他英语说得非常好. He is playing under the tree.中的under the tree是地 点状语. B、不定式在句子中可以作目的状语。 I come specially to see you.我专门来看你. C、介词短语 Ten years ago,She began to live in Dalian. The boy was praised for his bravery. D、从句作状语 When she was 12 years old,she began to live in Dalian. If Iamnotbusytomorrow,Iwillplayfootballwithyou. E、分词作状语 Having had a quarrelwith his wife,he left home in a bad temper。 Inhibited in one direction,it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another. 补语 英语中补语的作用对象是主语和宾语，具有鲜明的定语性描 写或限制性功能，在句法上是不可或缺的。补语是起补充说明作 用的成份。最常见的是宾语补足语。名词、动名词、形容词、副 词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以在句子中作宾补。 1.主语的补语 它用在系动词后，是句子的一个基本成分。常用主-系-表结 构。 1.1 Isaw herwith them,at least,Ithought it was her. 我看到她和他们在一起，至少，至少我认为是她。 (her做宾 语，them做介词宾语，her做主语补语) 1.2. Who broke the vase? --谁打碎了花瓶? -- Me. --我。(me做主语补语 Its me.) 1.3 John hoped the passengerwould be Mary and indeed it was she. (she做主语补语) 约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。 2.宾语的补语 2.1不定式(to do) Father willnot allow us to play on the street. 父亲 不让我们在街上玩耍。 We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。 We made him copy the sentence.我们让他复读这个句子。 He is made to copy the sentence.他被要求复读这句子。 I felt my hands tremble.我感到我的手在颤抖。 2.2名词 At the meeting we elected him monitor. Ithink your brother a clever boy. 2.3形容词 What you said made Xiao Wang angry. I found the classroom empty 2.4副词 Please callthe students back at once. He was seen to take his cap off. 2