高中主旨大意题.doc

Part II. 阅读理解技巧突破——主题 在高考阅读理解中，只有通过阅读掌握了文章的主题，才能正确理解文章，进而根据文章的事实细节推测作者的态度和观点。 　　主题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。阅读理解主题概括类题目的一般范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法，对文章进行高度的概括或总结，属于高层次题。 拟题大致有以下一些提问方式： The text is mainly about ____. The main idea／The general idea／The main purpose is . What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph? What would be the best title /headline for the text? This article mainly tells about the story of ____. What is the topic of the text? The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ____. The subject discussed in this text is ____. What does the second paragraph discuss? The paragraph (passage) deals with _____. Which of the following best summarizes the passage？ 从以上具体的提问形式可知此类题目可概括为两大类，即怎样理解段落及文章整体的中心思想和怎样拟定或选择恰当的文章标题。 一、段落及文章整体的主大意的理解 文章是由段落组成的，段落是发展一个主题（topic）的一群句子，段落的主题就是段落的中心思想。而就一整篇文章而言，具体段落的中心思想又是为文章整体的中心思想服务的。寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每小段的主题句，通过主题句找出文章主题。1. 寻找主题句，确定文章主题主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾（含在开头结尾同时出现、首尾呼应的主题句）。因此仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。做主题概括类试题多采用浏览法（skimming），浏览时，一般不需逐句浏览，只需选读文章的首段, 尾段或每段的首句和尾句,重点有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站主题线索和主题信息。I agree with the opinion that… Given all these points above , I would support the idea that… For all the reasons mentioned above ,I would prefer… 文章中的but, however, as a result, therefore等词，它们通常是引出中心主旨的方向词; 而for example, first, to begin with等是引出细节的信息词，在它们之前往往提到文章的。Sample 1 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast--foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink. Sample 2 Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one te