EnglisharoundtheWorld-语法课件.pptVIP

直接引语与间接引语（Direct Speech and Indirect Speech） 1.定义：A.直接引述别人的话，叫 “直接引语”。 B.用自己的话转述别人的话，叫 “间接引语”。 间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。 2.例如：约翰说：“我喜欢看故事书。”（直接引语） John said， “I like reading story books.” 约翰说他喜欢看故事书。（间接引语） John said that he liked reading story books。 Next page Last page 3.直接引语为祈使句 直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式。引述动词有：tell, ask, order等,其句型是：tell/ask/order someone (not) to do something 。它没有时态的变化。其他的变化和直接引语是陈述句的情况相同。 例如: 1)“Make sure the door id shut,”she said to her little son. She told her little son to make sure the door was shut. 2) “Don’t smoke in the room,”he said to me. He told to me not to smoke in the room. 祈使句变为间接引语的规律 一改 （主句谓语动词） 二变 （呼语变宾语） 三加 （动词前加to） 四去 （please） 祈使句： 改为间接引语后，就成了以不定式短语形式出现 的宾语补足语（动词常是ask/tell/order/advise等）。 He said to the girl, “Do it at once.” He told the girl to do it at once. Mrs. Hill said, “ please sing at our party, Mary.” Mrs. Hill asked Mary to sing at their party. She said to me, “Don’t smoke in the classroom.” She told me not to smoke in the classroom. He said, “Let’s go fishing tomorrow.” He suggested going fishing the next day. 祈使句直接引语变间接引语的结构(~sb to do sth)： A told B (not) to do… A asked B (not) to do… He told the girl to do it at once. Mrs. Hill asked Mary to sing at their party. 二） 祈使句改间接引语后是结构:~ sb (not) to do sth  注意以下几点: 1.said/said to要变成 asked/told/order/advise等可跟不定式作宾补的动词。 2.呼语变宾语，please要去掉. 3.特殊句子改法： I said to him, “Let’s start at once.” I suggested to him that we (should) start at once. (let 引导的句子改成that 引导的宾语从句) 2) He said: “How happy I am!” He said that he was very happy. 或 He said how happy he was. (感叹句改成 that/what/how 引导的宾语从句) 任务（2）Memory challenge task (Have a competition between boys and girls) What did the text tell us about English at the 16th century? What did the writer say English in China today? What did British people say when American people say apartment? What did the writer say why English has