构词法在英语阅读理解词义猜测中的运用[课件].ppt

* weightlifting …Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. … What does the word “shoplifter” mean? 商店里的小偷 B. 商店里的推销员 C.商店里的老客户 D.商店里的搬运工 shop+lifter shoplifter lifter n. 小偷 Word Formation 构词法 巧用构词法原则帮助解答 阅读理解中的猜测词义题 构词法 派生法（Derivation） 合成法(Compounding) 转化法（Conversion） 缩略法（Abbreviation） able unable; teach teacher space+ship spaceship visit v. visit n. Do it yourself. DIY 一、派生法（Derivation） 由词根(root)加前缀（prefix）或后缀（suffix）构成新词。 un- 否定前缀 dis- in- im- mis- non- understand polite smoker agree fair visible Is it difficult for you to get up in the morning? Do you sometimes oversleep? 1. over- : too much overwork , overeat above sth; across overcoat, overhead Some important prefixes: The trains are ____________ on Friday evenings. (crowded) overcrowded He enlarged his vocabulary by reading widely. 2.en- 动词前缀 enable, endanger, Reading can ______ your life.(rich) enrich Some important suffixes: -ment, -ion, -ness, -tion, -ful, -able, -less, -en等 sharpen a pencil strengthen brighten sharp adj. sharpen v. __________________ strength _____________ bright With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.(2003NMET) unconditional: nonjudgmental: 无条件的，绝对的 没有判断力的 二、合成法（Compounding） highway waiting-room kind-hearted 把两个或两个以上独立的词合成一个新词。 For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. 生死攸关的 Down-to-earth spirit is a necessity. Sharp words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. honest or practical 实事求是，脚踏实地 Her name was Rachel, and I mooned my way through the grade and high school, stricken at t