rock mech chap1课件.ppt

1.1 Basic concept of rock mechanics Rock mechanics is a subject to study the mechanical behavior of rock or mass of rock which acts under the function of outside force, including stress state, strain state and failure criterion. It is a basic theory to resolve technical matters of engineering of rock. ; 1.2 Rock mechanics cavalcade (history) Rock mechanics is a new branch of science which develops accompany of the building and progression of the mathematics, mechanics and rock engineering containing mining, civil engineering, water conservancy project and traffic. Its development could divide into four steps: (1) first time (end of nineteenth century till early of twentieth century) In this time primary theory appeared to solve the mechanics calculation of excavation of the rock mass.;(2) Empirical theory (twentieth century till thirty years) Lithostatic pressure theory appeared to analyse the supported problems of the underground excavation using mechanics of materials and structure mechanics according to production empiricism. (3) Classic theory (twentieth century thirty years till sixtieth years) It’s an important stage for the form of the rock mechanics. In this stage elasticity and plasticity were introduced into rock mechanics, confirming a lot of classic equations and the function of surrounding rock and supporting rock. Structural plane was thought more of the infection in rock characters. Document and monograph was published.Test method was improved. Technical of engineering problem was solved. ;In this stage rock mechanics had developed to be an independent subject. Continuous medium theory and geologic mechanics theory were founded. (4) Modern times (twentieth century sixty years till now) It’s an important times for rock mechanics to develop in the field of theory and practice. Complicated mechanical model was used to solve the problem of rock mechanics.The latest results in fields of mechanics, physics, system engineering, modern ma